如何在 PyQt5 中制作嵌套的 StackedLayouts？

Question

我正在用 Python 为一个大学项目创建一个 PyQt5 应用程序，该应用程序用于QStackedLayout使其成为单窗口应用程序，但是，我无法弄清楚如何在堆叠小部件中嵌套堆叠小部件。

运行代码（因问题而降级）时，您可以看到带有 a 的主菜单QPushButton。单击它时，窗口中的 a 会发生变化QListWidget。

我想要实现的是 右侧的 Stacked Widget QListWidget，它分别随着选择的列表项而变化。

编辑：有没有一种方法可以打开另一个窗口所在的位置？现在，每当我单击一个按钮时，窗口就会在屏幕中间弹出。

在代码中，您可以看到我尝试实现的部分，后面带有注释字符。

编码：

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow, 
                             QLabel, QPushButton, QWidget,
                             QStackedLayout, QListWidget)
from PyQt5.QtCore import QRect, Qt

class Ui(QWidget):

    def setupUi(self, Main):

        Main.setObjectName("Main")
        Main.setFixedSize(900, 500)

        self.width = 900
        self.height = 500

        self.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)

        '''MENU ON THE MAIN WINDOW'''
        self.menu = QStackedLayout()

        self. mainMenu = QWidget()
        self.howToMenu = QWidget()

        self. mainMenuUi()
        self.howToMenuUi()

        self.menu.addWidget(self. mainMenu)
        self.menu.addWidget(self.howToMenu)

        '''MENU ON THE HOWTO WINDOW'''        
        #self.howToMenuMenu = QStackedLayout()

        #self.howToOverView    = QWidget()
        #self.howToLevel       = QWidget()
        #self.howToTapeMeasure = QWidget()
        #self.howToTheodolite  = QWidget()

        #self.   overViewUi()
        #self.      levelUi()
        #self.tapeMeasureUi()
        #self. theodoliteUi()

        #self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToOverView   )
        #self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToLevel      )
        #self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToTapeMeasure)
        #self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToTheodolite )

    def mainMenuUi(self):

        self.mainMenu.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)

        self.mainMenuText = QLabel(self.mainMenu)
        self.mainMenuText.setGeometry(QRect(30, 120, 480, 200))
        self.mainMenuText.setStyleSheet("font: 14pt Century Gothic")
        self.mainMenuText.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeading|Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignTop)
        self.mainMenuText.setText("Welcome to the Surveying Traverse Calculator!")

        self.howToButton = QPushButton("HOW TO DO A TRAVERSE", self.mainMenu)

        self.howToButton.setGeometry(140, 180, 200, 30)

    def howToMenuUi(self):

        self.howToMenu.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)

        self.menuButton1 = QPushButton("Back to main menu", self.howToMenu)   
        self.menuButton1.setGeometry(QRect(10, 10, 200, 30))

        self.howToTitle = QLabel(self.howToMenu)
        self.howToTitle.setGeometry(QRect(10, 50, self.width, 40))
        self.howToTitle.setStyleSheet("font: 14pt Century Gothic")
        self.howToTitle.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeading|Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter)
        self.howToTitle.setText("How to Do a Traverse")

        self.howToSteps = QListWidget(self.howToMenu)
        self.howToSteps.setGeometry(QRect(10, 100, 200, 80))
        self.howToSteps.insertItem(0, "OVERVIEW"    )
        self.howToSteps.insertItem(1, "LEVEL"       )
        self.howToSteps.insertItem(2, "TAPE MEASURE")
        self.howToSteps.insertItem(3, "THEODOLITE"  )

    #def overViewUi(self):

    #def levelUi(self):

    #def tapeMeasureUi(self):

    #def theodoliteUi(self)

class Main(QMainWindow, Ui):

    def __init__(self):

        super(Main, self).__init__()

        self.setupUi(self)

        self.menuButton1.clicked.connect(self. menuWindow)
        self.howToButton.clicked.connect(self.howToWindow)

    def menuWindow(self):

        self.menu.setCurrentIndex(0)

    def howToWindow(self):

        self.menu.setCurrentIndex(1)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    M = Main()
    sys.exit(app.exec())

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

您可以QStackedWidget在 右侧添加QListWidget并使用currentRowChanged信号控制所选列表对象。我建议您使用QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout, 或QGridLayout进行布局管理。

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow, 
                             QLabel, QPushButton, QWidget,
                             QStackedLayout, QListWidget,
                             QVBoxLayout, QStackedWidget,
                             QGridLayout)
from PyQt5.QtCore import QRect, Qt

class Ui(QWidget):

    def setupUi(self, Main):

        Main.setObjectName("Main")
        Main.setFixedSize(900, 500)

        self.width = 900
        self.height = 500

        self.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)

        '''MENU ON THE MAIN WINDOW'''
        self.menu = QStackedLayout()

        self.mainMenu = QWidget()
        self.howToMenu = QWidget()

        self.mainMenuUi()
        self.howToMenuUi()

        self.menu.addWidget(self.mainMenu)
        self.menu.addWidget(self.howToMenu)

        '''MENU ON THE HOWTO WINDOW'''        
        #self.howToMenuMenu = QStackedLayout()

        #self.howToOverView    = QWidget()
        #self.howToLevel       = QWidget()
        #self.howToTapeMeasure = QWidget()
        #self.howToTheodolite  = QWidget()

        #self.   overViewUi()
        #self.      levelUi()
        #self.tapeMeasureUi()
        #self. theodoliteUi()

        #self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToOverView   )
        #self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToLevel      )
        #self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToTapeMeasure)
        #self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToTheodolite )

    def mainMenuUi(self):

        self.mainMenu.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)

        self.mainMenuText = QLabel(self.mainMenu)
        self.mainMenuText.setGeometry(QRect(30, 120, 480, 200))
        self.mainMenuText.setStyleSheet("font: 14pt Century Gothic")
        self.mainMenuText.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeading|Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignTop)
        self.mainMenuText.setText("Welcome to the Surveying Traverse Calculator!")

        self.howToButton = QPushButton("HOW TO DO A TRAVERSE", self.mainMenu)

        self.howToButton.setGeometry(140, 180, 200, 30)

    def howToMenuUi(self):

        self.howToMenu_layout = QGridLayout()

        self.howToMenu.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)

        self.menuButton1 = QPushButton("Back to main menu")
        self.menuButton1.setGeometry(QRect(10, 10, 200, 30))

        self.howToTitle = QLabel()
        self.howToTitle.setGeometry(QRect(10, 50, self.width, 40))
        self.howToTitle.setStyleSheet("font: 14pt Century Gothic")
        self.howToTitle.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeading|Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter)
        self.howToTitle.setText("How to Do a Traverse")

        self.howToSteps = QListWidget()
        self.howToSteps.setGeometry(QRect(10, 100, 200, 80))
        self.howToSteps.insertItem(0, "OVERVIEW"    )
        self.howToSteps.insertItem(1, "LEVEL"       )
        self.howToSteps.insertItem(2, "TAPE MEASURE")
        self.howToSteps.insertItem(3, "THEODOLITE"  )
        self.howToSteps.currentRowChanged.connect(self.display_traverse)

        self.overview_container = QWidget()
        self.level_container = QWidget()
        self.tape_measure_container = QWidget()
        self.theodolite_container = QWidget()

        self.overViewUi()
        self.levelUi()
        self.tapeMeasureUi()
        self.theodoliteUi()

        self.traverse_action = QStackedWidget()
        self.traverse_action.addWidget(self.overview_container) 
        self.traverse_action.addWidget(self.level_container) 
        self.traverse_action.addWidget(self.tape_measure_container) 
        self.traverse_action.addWidget(self.theodolite_container) 
        self.traverse_action.setCurrentIndex(0)

        self.howToMenu_left_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.howToMenu_left_layout.addWidget(self.menuButton1)
        self.howToMenu_left_layout.addWidget(self.howToTitle)
        self.howToMenu_left_layout.addWidget(self.howToSteps)

        self.howToMenu_layout.addLayout(self.howToMenu_left_layout,0,0,1,1)
        self.howToMenu_layout.addWidget(self.traverse_action,0,1,1,1)
        self.howToMenu.setLayout(self.howToMenu_layout)

    def overViewUi(self):
        self.overview_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.overview_button = QPushButton('Overview')
        self.overview_layout.addWidget(self.overview_button)
        self.overview_container.setLayout(self.overview_layout)

    def levelUi(self):
        self.level_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.level_button = QPushButton('Level')
        self.level_layout.addWidget(self.level_button)
        self.level_container.setLayout(self.level_layout)

    def tapeMeasureUi(self):
        self.tape_measure_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.tape_measure_button = QPushButton('Tape measure')
        self.tape_measure_layout.addWidget(self.tape_measure_button)
        self.tape_measure_container.setLayout(self.tape_measure_layout)

    def theodoliteUi(self):
        self.theodolite_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.theodolite_button = QPushButton('Theodolite')
        self.theodolite_layout.addWidget(self.theodolite_button)
        self.theodolite_container.setLayout(self.theodolite_layout)

    def display_traverse(self, index):
        self.traverse_action.setCurrentIndex(index)

class Main(QMainWindow, Ui):

    def __init__(self):

        super(Main, self).__init__()

        self.setupUi(self)

        self.menuButton1.clicked.connect(self.menuWindow)
        self.howToButton.clicked.connect(self.howToWindow)

    def menuWindow(self):

        self.menu.setCurrentIndex(0)

    def howToWindow(self):

        self.menu.setCurrentIndex(1)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    M = Main()
    sys.exit(app.exec())