Spring Boot:无法配置数据源:未指定“url”属性且无法配置嵌入式数据源

Ind*_*ake 3 java spring spring-boot

当我运行我的网络应用程序时抛出以下错误。

Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaConfiguration': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource]: Factory method 'dataSource' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties$DataSourceBeanCreationException: Failed to determine a suitable driver class
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抛出错误的描述如下,

Description:

Failed to configure a DataSource: 'url' attribute is not specified and no embedded datasource could be configured.

Reason: Failed to determine a suitable driver class


    Action:

    Consider the following:<br>
        If you want an embedded database (H2, HSQL or Derby), please put it on the classpath.
<br>    If you have database settings to be loaded from a particular profile you may need to activate it (no profiles are currently active).
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参考此答案后,我知道我必须对我的pom.xml文件进行一些更改。但我不知道要改变什么,甚至 StackOverflow 上的类似问题也无法帮助我解决这个问题。

我的pom.xml如下(当我创建项目时,我添加了“Web”、“JPA”、“MySQL”依赖项),

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>SL2INDUSTRY</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>SL2INDUSTRY</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>

        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat.embed/tomcat-embed-jasper -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-tomcat -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat/jackson-dataformat-xml -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId>
                <version>2.9.8</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>

    </project>
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请注意,在这种情况下我不需要处理 H2 数据库,因此 H2 不是我的解决方案。

编辑: application.properties文件

spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp
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Fra*_*cio 8

如果您阅读了错误的踪迹:

Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaConfiguration': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource]: Factory method 'dataSource' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties$DataSourceBeanCreationException: Failed to determine a suitable driver class
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您会注意到他正在尝试使用 hikari 数据源来配置与 bd 的连接。这是怎么回事?

你使用的是 spring boot 2。而这个版本的 spring boot 已经改变了默认配置。

正如您在此地址中看到的:

https://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-hikari#spring-boot-2

在 Spring Boot 2 中,Hikari 是默认的 DataSource 实现。

这是从 Spring Boot 1.x 更改的内容:

· 对 Hikari 的依赖现在自动包含在 spring-boot-starter-data-jpa 中

· 自动确定数据源实现的发现算法现在更喜欢 Hikari 而不是 TomcatJDBC(参见参考手册)。

因此,如果我们想在基于 Spring Boot 2.x 的应用程序中使用 Hikari,我们无所事事。

并且Hikari的配置是不同的。

然后,我想你想使用 tomcat 连接池。你可以这样做:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
            <artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>9.0.10</version>
</dependency>
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这将默认从您的 spring jpa 配置中排除 Hikari,然后您将需要 tomcat-jdbc。您可以配置数据源:

这种简单的方法使我们可以使用 Tomcat 连接池获取 Spring Boot,而无需编写 @Configuration 类并以编程方式定义 DataSource bean。

还值得注意的是,在这种情况下,我们使用的是 H2 内存数据库。Spring Boot 会为我们自动配置 H2,无需指定数据库 URL、用户和密码。

我们只需要在 “pom.xml” 文件中包含相应的依赖项,Spring Boot 会为我们完成剩下的工作。

或者,可以跳过 Spring Boot 使用的连接池扫描算法,并使用“spring.datasource.type”属性在“application.properties”文件中显式指定连接池数据源:

spring.datasource.type=org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource
// other spring datasource properties
spring.datasource.url=...
spring.datasource.username=...
spring.datasource.password=...
...
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这里有禁用 Hikari 和配置 tomcat 的完整参考:

https://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-tomcat-connection-pool

如果你想使用 Hikari,配置是不同的:

https://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-hikari

但是这两个选项之一将解决您的问题。