实体框架离开了加入

Question

如何更改此查询以便返回所有u.usergroups？

from u in usergroups
from p in u.UsergroupPrices
select new UsergroupPricesList
{
UsergroupID = u.UsergroupID,
UsergroupName = u.UsergroupName,
Price = p.Price
};

Answer 1

改编自MSDN,如何使用EF 4离开加入

var query = from u in usergroups
            join p in UsergroupPrices on u.UsergroupID equals p.UsergroupID into gj
            from x in gj.DefaultIfEmpty()
            select new { 
                UsergroupID = u.UsergroupID,
                UsergroupName = u.UsergroupName,
                Price = (x == null ? String.Empty : x.Price) 
            };

Answer 2

这可能有点过分,但我写了一个扩展方法,所以你可以LeftJoin使用Join语法(至少在方法调用表示法中):

persons.LeftJoin(
    phoneNumbers,
    person => person.Id,
    phoneNumber => phoneNumber.PersonId,
    (person, phoneNumber) => new
        {
            Person = person,
            PhoneNumber = phoneNumber?.Number
        }
);

我的代码只是添加一个GroupJoin和一个SelectMany调用当前表达式树.然而,它看起来非常复杂,因为我必须自己构建表达式并修改用户在resultSelector参数中指定的表达式树,以使整个树可以通过LINQ-to-Entities进行翻译.

public static class LeftJoinExtension
{
    public static IQueryable<TResult> LeftJoin<TOuter, TInner, TKey, TResult>(
        this IQueryable<TOuter> outer,
        IQueryable<TInner> inner,
        Expression<Func<TOuter, TKey>> outerKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TInner, TKey>> innerKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TOuter, TInner, TResult>> resultSelector)
    {
        MethodInfo groupJoin = typeof (Queryable).GetMethods()
                                                 .Single(m => m.ToString() == "System.Linq.IQueryable`1[TResult] GroupJoin[TOuter,TInner,TKey,TResult](System.Linq.IQueryable`1[TOuter], System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable`1[TInner], System.Linq.Expressions.Expression`1[System.Func`2[TOuter,TKey]], System.Linq.Expressions.Expression`1[System.Func`2[TInner,TKey]], System.Linq.Expressions.Expression`1[System.Func`3[TOuter,System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable`1[TInner],TResult]])")
                                                 .MakeGenericMethod(typeof (TOuter), typeof (TInner), typeof (TKey), typeof (LeftJoinIntermediate<TOuter, TInner>));
        MethodInfo selectMany = typeof (Queryable).GetMethods()
                                                  .Single(m => m.ToString() == "System.Linq.IQueryable`1[TResult] SelectMany[TSource,TCollection,TResult](System.Linq.IQueryable`1[TSource], System.Linq.Expressions.Expression`1[System.Func`2[TSource,System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable`1[TCollection]]], System.Linq.Expressions.Expression`1[System.Func`3[TSource,TCollection,TResult]])")
                                                  .MakeGenericMethod(typeof (LeftJoinIntermediate<TOuter, TInner>), typeof (TInner), typeof (TResult));

        var groupJoinResultSelector = (Expression<Func<TOuter, IEnumerable<TInner>, LeftJoinIntermediate<TOuter, TInner>>>)
                                      ((oneOuter, manyInners) => new LeftJoinIntermediate<TOuter, TInner> {OneOuter = oneOuter, ManyInners = manyInners});

        MethodCallExpression exprGroupJoin = Expression.Call(groupJoin, outer.Expression, inner.Expression, outerKeySelector, innerKeySelector, groupJoinResultSelector);

        var selectManyCollectionSelector = (Expression<Func<LeftJoinIntermediate<TOuter, TInner>, IEnumerable<TInner>>>)
                                           (t => t.ManyInners.DefaultIfEmpty());

        ParameterExpression paramUser = resultSelector.Parameters.First();

        ParameterExpression paramNew = Expression.Parameter(typeof (LeftJoinIntermediate<TOuter, TInner>), "t");
        MemberExpression propExpr = Expression.Property(paramNew, "OneOuter");

        LambdaExpression selectManyResultSelector = Expression.Lambda(new Replacer(paramUser, propExpr).Visit(resultSelector.Body), paramNew, resultSelector.Parameters.Skip(1).First());

        MethodCallExpression exprSelectMany = Expression.Call(selectMany, exprGroupJoin, selectManyCollectionSelector, selectManyResultSelector);

        return outer.Provider.CreateQuery<TResult>(exprSelectMany);
    }

    private class LeftJoinIntermediate<TOuter, TInner>
    {
        public TOuter OneOuter { get; set; }
        public IEnumerable<TInner> ManyInners { get; set; }
    }

    private class Replacer : ExpressionVisitor
    {
        private readonly ParameterExpression _oldParam;
        private readonly Expression _replacement;

        public Replacer(ParameterExpression oldParam, Expression replacement)
        {
            _oldParam = oldParam;
            _replacement = replacement;
        }

        public override Expression Visit(Expression exp)
        {
            if (exp == _oldParam)
            {
                return _replacement;
            }

            return base.Visit(exp);
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

请让您的生活更轻松(不要使用加入群组):

var query = from ug in UserGroups
            from ugp in UserGroupPrices.Where(x => x.UserGroupId == ug.Id).DefaultIfEmpty()
            select new 
            { 
                UserGroupID = ug.UserGroupID,
                UserGroupName = ug.UserGroupName,
                Price = ugp != null ? ugp.Price : 0 //this is to handle nulls as even when Price is non-nullable prop it may come as null from SQL (result of Left Outer Join)
            };

Answer 4

如果您更喜欢方法调用表示法，则可以使用SelectMany与DefaultIfEmpty. 至少在 Entity Framework 6 上遇到 SQL Server。例如：

using(var ctx = new MyDatabaseContext())
{
    var data = ctx
    .MyTable1
    .SelectMany(a => ctx.MyTable2
      .Where(b => b.Id2 == a.Id1)
      .DefaultIfEmpty()
      .Select(b => new
      {
        a.Id1,
        a.Col1,
        Col2 = b == null ? (int?) null : b.Col2,
      }));
}

（请注意，这MyTable2.Col2是一个类型的列int）。生成的 SQL 将如下所示：

SELECT 
    [Extent1].[Id1] AS [Id1], 
    [Extent1].[Col1] AS [Col1], 
    CASE WHEN ([Extent2].[Col2] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS int) ELSE  CAST( [Extent2].[Col2] AS int) END AS [Col2]
    FROM  [dbo].[MyTable1] AS [Extent1]
    LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[MyTable2] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent2].[Id2] = [Extent1].[Id1]