Python错误:TypeError:'模块'对象不能为HeadFirst Python代码调用

Question

我正在关注HeadFirst Python书中的教程.在第7章中,我在尝试运行下一个代码时收到错误消息:

运动员班:

class AthleteList(list):
    def __init__(self, a_name, a_dob=None, a_times=[]):
        list.__init__([])
        self.name = a_name
        self.dob = a_dob
        self.extend(a_times)

    def top3(self):
        return(sorted(set([sanitize(t) for t in self]))[0:3])

def get_coach_data(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename) as f:
            data = f.readline()
        templ = data.strip().split(',')
        return(AthleteList(templ.pop(0), templ.pop(0), templ))
    except IOError as ioerr:
        print('File error: ' + str(ioerr))
        return(None)

def sanitize(time_string):
    if '-' in time_string:
        splitter = '-'
    elif ':' in time_string:
        splitter = ':'
    else:
        return(time_string)
    (mins, secs) = time_string.split(splitter)
    return(mins + '.' + secs)

在下一个模块中,我做了一些测试:

import pickle

import AthleteList

def get_coach_data(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename) as f:
            data = f.readline()
        templ = data.strip().split(',')
        return(AthleteList(templ.pop(0), templ.pop(0), templ))
    except IOError as ioerr:
        print('File error (get_coach_data): ' + str(ioerr))
        return(None)

def put_to_store(files_list):
    all_athletes = {}
    for each_file in files_list:
        ath = get_coach_data(each_file)
        all_athletes[ath.name] = ath
    try:
        with open('athletes.pickle', 'wb') as athf:
            pickle.dump(all_athletes, athf)
    except IOError as ioerr:
        print('File error (put_and_store): ' + str(ioerr))
    return(all_athletes)

def get_from_store():
    all_athletes = {}
    try:
        with open('athletes.pickle', 'rb') as athf:
            all_athletes = pickle.load(athf)
    except IOError as ioerr:
        print('File error (get_from_store): ' + str(ioerr))
    return(all_athletes)


print (dir())

the_files = ['sarah.txt','james.txt','mikey.txt','julie.txt']
data = put_to_store(the_files)

data

这是Julie.txt文件的内容:

Julie Jones,2002-8-17,2.59,2.11,2:11,2:23,3-10,2-23,3:10,3.21,3-21,3.01,3.02,2:59

它与其他文件几乎相同

我应该得到类似这样的输出:

{'James Lee': ['2-34', '3:21', '2.34', '2.45', '3.01', '2:01', '2:01', '3:10', '2-22', '2-
01', '2.01', '2:16'], 'Sarah Sweeney': ['2:58', '2.58', '2:39', '2-25', '2-55', '2:54', '2.18',
'2:55', '2:55', '2:22', '2-21', '2.22'], 'Julie Jones': ['2.59', '2.11', '2:11', '2:23', '3-
10', '2-23', '3:10', '3.21', '3-21', '3.01', '3.02', '2:59'], 'Mikey McManus': ['2:22', '3.01',
'3:01', '3.02', '3:02', '3.02', '3:22', '2.49', '2:38', '2:40', '2.22', '2-31']}

但我收到此错误消息:

['AthleteList', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', 'get_coach_data', 'get_from_store', 'pickle', 'put_to_store']
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\workspace\HeadFirst\src\prueba.py", line 41, in <module>
    data = put_to_store(the_files)
  File "C:\Python\workspace\HeadFirst\src\prueba.py", line 19, in put_to_store
    ath = get_coach_data(each_file)
  File "C:\Python\workspace\HeadFirst\src\prueba.py", line 11, in get_coach_data
    return(AthleteList(templ.pop(0), templ.pop(0), templ))
TypeError: 'module' object is not callable

我究竟做错了什么？

Answer 1

您的模块和您的班级AthleteList具有相同的名称.这条线

import AthleteList

导入模块并AthleteList在当前作用域中创建指向模块对象的名称.如果要访问实际的类,请使用

AthleteList.AthleteList

特别是在线上

return(AthleteList(templ.pop(0), templ.pop(0), templ))

您实际上是访问模块对象而不是类.尝试

return(AthleteList.AthleteList(templ.pop(0), templ.pop(0), templ))

Answer 2

您的模块和类AthleteList具有相同的名称.更改:

import AthleteList

至:

from AthleteList import AthleteList

现在,这意味着您要导入模块对象,并且无法访问您拥有的任何模块方法 AthleteList