为什么 vkCreateSwapchainKHR 会导致访问冲突为 0？

Question

我正在尝试按照 vulkan-tutorial.com 的精彩教程学习 Vulkan，但在必须创建交换链时遇到了一些问题。如标题所述，vkCreateSwapchainKHR会产生以下错误：Access violation executing location 0x0000000000000000.

教程建议这可能与蒸汽覆盖层发生冲突。对我来说情况并非如此，因为从教程中复制了整个代码。

我试图找出我的代码出了什么问题，并学习如何调试此类问题，因为我将来不会有参考代码。有罪的线看起来是这样的：

if (vkCreateSwapchainKHR(device, &swapChainCreateInfo, nullptr, &swapChain) != VK_SUCCESS) {
    throw std::runtime_error("Could not create swap chain");
}

我在这一行设置了一个断点，以将代码中的参数值与参考代码中的值进行比较。据我所知，没有区别。（当然地址不一样）

我应该在哪里查找代码中的问题？变量swapChain是NULL预期的。一个错误的形成swapChainCreateInfo不应该使vkCreateSwapchainKHR崩溃。它只会让它返回一些不是的东西VK_SUCCESS。并且设备创建没有问题：

if (vkCreateDevice(physicalDevice, &createInfo, nullptr, &device) != VK_SUCCESS) {
    throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create logical device");
}

编辑 - 我正在使用验证层VK_LAYER_LUNARG_standard_validation，我的createInfo设置如下。

// Useful functions and structures
VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice;
VkSurfaceKHR surface;
VkSwapchainKHR swapChain;

struct QueueFamilyIndices {
    std::optional<uint32_t> graphicsFamily;
    std::optional<uint32_t> presentationFamily;
    bool isComplete() {
        return graphicsFamily.has_value() && presentationFamily.has_value();
    }
};

struct SwapChainSupportDetails {
    VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR surfaceCapabilities;
    std::vector<VkSurfaceFormatKHR> formats;
    std::vector<VkPresentModeKHR> presentModes;
};

SwapChainSupportDetails querySwapChainSupport(VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice) {
    SwapChainSupportDetails swapChainSupportDetails;

    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities);

    uint32_t formatCount = 0;
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &formatCount, nullptr);
    if (formatCount != 0) {
        swapChainSupportDetails.formats.resize(formatCount);
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &formatCount, swapChainSupportDetails.formats.data());
    }

    uint32_t presentModeCount = 0;
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &presentModeCount, nullptr);
    if (presentModeCount != 0) {
        swapChainSupportDetails.presentModes.resize(presentModeCount);
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &presentModeCount, swapChainSupportDetails.presentModes.data());
    }

    return swapChainSupportDetails;
}

VkSurfaceFormatKHR chooseSwapChainSurfaceFormat(const std::vector<VkSurfaceFormatKHR> & availableFormats) {
    if (availableFormats.size() == 1 && availableFormats[0].format == VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED) {
        return { VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR };
    }

    for (const auto & availableFormat : availableFormats) {
        if (availableFormat.format == VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM && availableFormat.colorSpace == VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR) {
            return availableFormat;
        }
    }

    return availableFormats[0];
}

VkPresentModeKHR chooseSwapChainPresentMode(const std::vector<VkPresentModeKHR> & availablePresentModes) {

    VkPresentModeKHR bestMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
    for (const auto & availablePresentMode : availablePresentModes) {
        if (availablePresentMode == VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR) {
            return availablePresentMode;
        }
        else if (availablePresentMode == VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR) {
            bestMode = availablePresentMode;
        }
    }

    return bestMode;
}

VkExtent2D chooseSwapChainExtent2D(const VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR & surfaceCapabilities) {
    if (surfaceCapabilities.currentExtent.width != std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
        return surfaceCapabilities.currentExtent;
    }
    else {
        VkExtent2D actualExtent = { WIDTH, HEIGHT };
        actualExtent.width = std::max(std::min(surfaceCapabilities.maxImageExtent.width, actualExtent.width), surfaceCapabilities.minImageExtent.width);
        actualExtent.height = std::max(std::min(surfaceCapabilities.maxImageExtent.height, actualExtent.height), surfaceCapabilities.minImageExtent.height);
        return actualExtent;
    }
}

// Swap Chain creation code

SwapChainSupportDetails swapChainSupportDetails = querySwapChainSupport(physicalDevice);

VkSurfaceFormatKHR surfaceFormat = chooseSwapChainSurfaceFormat(swapChainSupportDetails.formats);
VkPresentModeKHR presentMode = chooseSwapChainPresentMode(swapChainSupportDetails.presentModes);
VkExtent2D extent = chooseSwapChainExtent2D(swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities);
uint32_t imageCount = swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.minImageCount + 1;
if (swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.maxImageCount > 0 && imageCount > swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.maxImageCount) {
    imageCount = swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.minImageCount;
}

VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR swapChainCreateInfo = {};
swapChainCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
swapChainCreateInfo.surface = surface;
swapChainCreateInfo.minImageCount = imageCount;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageFormat = surfaceFormat.format;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageColorSpace = surfaceFormat.colorSpace;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageExtent = extent;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageArrayLayers = 1;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;

QueueFamilyIndices familyIndices = findQueueFamilies(physicalDevice);
uint32_t queueFamilyIndices[] = { familyIndices.graphicsFamily.value(), familyIndices.presentationFamily.value() };
if (familyIndices.graphicsFamily != familyIndices.presentationFamily) {
    swapChainCreateInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_CONCURRENT;
    swapChainCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndexCount = 2;
    swapChainCreateInfo.pQueueFamilyIndices = queueFamilyIndices;
}
else {
    swapChainCreateInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
    swapChainCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndexCount = 0;
    swapChainCreateInfo.pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr;
}

swapChainCreateInfo.preTransform = swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.currentTransform;
swapChainCreateInfo.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
swapChainCreateInfo.presentMode = presentMode;
swapChainCreateInfo.clipped = VK_TRUE;
swapChainCreateInfo.oldSwapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE;

if (vkCreateSwapchainKHR(device, &swapChainCreateInfo, nullptr, &swapChain) != VK_SUCCESS) {
    throw std::runtime_error("Could not create swap chain");
}

我得到结果结构：

Answer 1

好吧，当创建逻辑设备时，需要设置enabledExtensionCount为所需扩展的实际数量，而不是 0（如果希望扩展工作）。就我而言，这是一个简单的编辑失败。这是我的代码中的宝石：

createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(deviceExtensions.size());
createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = deviceExtensions.data();

createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = 0;

我通过用参考代码中的函数替换我代码中的每个函数直到它起作用来解决这个问题。我对验证层没有发现这一点感到有些失望。我设置错了吗？这是他们应该抓住的东西吗？

编辑：正如 LIANG LIU 所指出的，这里是 deviceExtensions 的初始化：

const std::vector<const char*> deviceExtensions = {
    VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME
};