Ger*_*rry 6 android azure background-service xamarin
我只兼职做 Android 开发（考虑到 API 的许多微妙之处和低水平，这似乎具有挑战性），并且当我的应用程序在后台时接收通知时遇到问题。我的目标是 Android 8.1。我的应用程序碰巧使用 Azure 和 Xamarin，但我不知道这些细节是否是问题所固有的。
\n\n如果我的应用程序在后台运行，有时会显示通知，有时我的应用程序会因以下错误而崩溃：
\n\n2019-03-06 09:12:24.486 9495-9702/? D/tyresense.azurelistenerservice: OnMessage() done\n2019-03-06 09:12:28.278 1548-3232/? W/ActivityManager: Background start not allowed: service Intent { act=com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE flg=0x1000010 pkg=com.rimex.tyresense cmp=com.rimex.tyresense/md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376.AzureListenerService (has extras) } to com.rimex.tyresense/md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376.AzureListenerService from pid=9495 uid=10173 pkg=com.rimex.tyresense\n2019-03-06 09:12:28.341 9495-9495/? I/MonoDroid: Java.Lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent { act=com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE flg=0x1000010 pkg=com.rimex.tyresense cmp=com.rimex.tyresense/md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376.AzureListenerService (has extras) }: app is in background uid UidRecord{d582ba5 u0a173 RCVR bg:+1m0s848ms idle procs:1 seq(0,0,0)}\n2019-03-06 09:12:28.342 9495-9495/? I/MonoDroid: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent { act=com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE flg=0x1000010 pkg=com.rimex.tyresense cmp=com.rimex.tyresense/md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376.AzureListenerService (has extras) }: app is in background uid UidRecord{d582ba5 u0a173 RCVR bg:+1m0s848ms idle procs:1 seq(0,0,0)}\n2019-03-06 09:12:28.347 9495-9495/? E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main\n Process: com.rimex.tyresense, PID: 9495\n java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start receiver md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376.TyreSenseBroadcastReceiver: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent { act=com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE flg=0x1000010 pkg=com.rimex.tyresense cmp=com.rimex.tyresense/md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376.AzureListenerService (has extras) }: app is in background uid UidRecord{d582ba5 u0a173 RCVR bg:+1m0s848ms idle procs:1 seq(0,0,0)}\n at android.app.ActivityThread.handleReceiver(ActivityThread.java:3285)\n at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap17(Unknown Source:0)\n at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1713)\n at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)\n at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)\n at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6626)\n at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)\n at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:438)\n at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:811)\n Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent { act=com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE flg=0x1000010 pkg=com.rimex.tyresense cmp=com.rimex.tyresense/md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376.AzureListenerService (has extras) }: app is in background uid UidRecord{d582ba5 u0a173 RCVR bg:+1m0s848ms idle procs:1 seq(0,0,0)}\n at android.app.ContextImpl.startServiceCommon(ContextImpl.java:1536)\n at android.app.ContextImpl.startService(ContextImpl.java:1492)\n at android.content.ContextWrapper.startService(ContextWrapper.java:650)\n at android.content.ContextWrapper.startService(ContextWrapper.java:650)\n at md513d040a829b3f298fbeeee5a6e2c042a.GcmBroadcastReceiverBase_1.n_onReceive(Native Method)\n at md513d040a829b3f298fbeeee5a6e2c042a.GcmBroadcastReceiverBase_1.onReceive(GcmBroadcastReceiverBase_1.java:29)\n at android.app.ActivityThread.handleReceiver(ActivityThread.java:3278)\n at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap17(Unknown Source:0)\xc2\xa0\n at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1713)\xc2\xa0\n at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)\xc2\xa0\n at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)\xc2\xa0\n at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6626)\xc2\xa0\n at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)\xc2\xa0\n at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:438)\xc2\xa0\n at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:811)\xc2\xa0\n2019-03-06 09:12:28.348 2761-2761/? W/GCM: broadcast intent callback: result=CANCELLED forIntent { act=com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE pkg=com.rimex.tyresense (has extras) }\n2019-03-06 09:12:28.353 9495-9495/? E/tyresense.splashscreen: System.UnhandledExceptionEventArgs\n2019-03-06 09:12:28.357 1548-7265/? W/ActivityManager: Force finishing activity com.rimex.tyresense/md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376.MainActivity\n2019-03-06 09:12:28.363 1548-1632/? I/ActivityManager: Showing crash dialog for package com.rimex.tyresense u0\n我看到这样的文章：https://blog.xamarin.com/replacing-services-jobs-android-oreo-8-0/
\n\n但我不清楚问题到底是什么，所以我不知道这是否能解决问题。
\n\n也许在这里？
\n\nusing System;\nusing System.Collections.Generic;\nusing Android.App;\nusing Android.Content;\nusing Android.Util;\nusing Gcm.Client;\nusing WindowsAzure.Messaging;\nusing SharedMobile; // keep it simple, the app might not be running\nusing MyApp.Android; // we need to reference ourselves...\nusing Android.Support.V4.App;\nusing Android.Content.PM;\nusing System.Threading.Tasks;\n\n[assembly: Permission(Name = "@PACKAGE_NAME@.permission.C2D_MESSAGE")]\n[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "@PACKAGE_NAME@.permission.C2D_MESSAGE")]\n[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE")]\n[assembly: Xamarin.Forms.Dependency(typeof(DependencyListener))]\nnamespace MyApp.Android\n{\n [BroadcastReceiver(Permission = Constants.PERMISSION_GCM_INTENTS)]\n [IntentFilter(new string[] { Constants.INTENT_FROM_GCM_MESSAGE }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]\n [IntentFilter(new string[] { Constants.INTENT_FROM_GCM_REGISTRATION_CALLBACK }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]\n [IntentFilter(new string[] { Constants.INTENT_FROM_GCM_LIBRARY_RETRY }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]\n public class MyAppBroadcastReceiver : GcmBroadcastReceiverBase<AzureListenerService>\n {\n // this declaration somehow enables messages\n }\n\n [Service]\n public class AzureListenerService : GcmServiceBase // this service might be started at system boot, when the app is otherwise not active\n {\n const string TAG = "MyApp.azurelistenerservice";\n const string HUBNAME = "myhubname";\n const string CONNECTION =\n "Endpoint=sb://MyApp.servicebus.windows.net/;SharedAccessKeyName=DefaultListenSharedAccessSignature;SharedAccessKey=secretstuff...";\n\n public const string GcmProjectNumber = "1234567890";\n private static NotificationHub noteHub = null;\n\n public AzureListenerService() : base(GcmProjectNumber)\n {\n }\n\n // need client and area ids before this is called. Application.Context is not available if called from system boot\n public static void InitializeAzure(Context context = null)\n {\n try\n {\n if (context == null)\n context = Application.Context;\n var enabled = NotificationManagerCompat.From(context).AreNotificationsEnabled();\n SharedMobile.API.ApiService.Instance.NotificationsEnabled(enabled);\n if (enabled)\n {\n GcmClient.CheckDevice(context);\n GcmClient.CheckManifest(context);\n GcmClient.Register(context, GcmProjectNumber);\n }\n }\n catch (Exception ex)\n {\n Log.Error(TAG, ex.Message);\n Messenger.SendException(ex.Message);\n }\n }\n\n // incoming GCM registration\n protected override void OnRegistered(Context context, string token)\n {\n try\n {\n noteHub = new NotificationHub(HUBNAME, CONNECTION, context);\n var customerId = Int32.Parse(PropertyHelper.ClientId);\n var tags = BuildTagList(customerId, PropertyHelper.AreaIds);\n noteHub.Register(token, tags.ToArray());\n Messenger.RegisterDevice(token);\n }\n catch (Exception ex)\n {\n Log.Error(TAG, "OnRegistered() " + ex.Message); // ignore register failure when using the Android emulator\n }\n }\n\n protected override void OnMessage(Context context, Intent intent)\n {\n try\n {\n var areaIds = PropertyHelper.AreaIds;\n if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(areaIds)) // in case the user logged out\n return;\n new Notifications().CreateEventNotification(intent);\n }\n catch (Exception ex)\n {\n Log.Error(TAG, "OnMessage() " + ex.Message);\n }\n }\n\n protected List<string> BuildTagList(int clientId, string areaIds)\n {\n var list = new List<string>();\n list.Add($"client_{clientId}");\n foreach (var id in areaIds.Split(\',\'))\n list.Add($"area_{id}");\n return list;\n }\n\n protected override void OnUnRegistered(Context context, string registrationId)\n {\n Log.Error(TAG, "OnUnRegistered(): " + registrationId);\n }\n\n protected override bool OnRecoverableError(Context context, string errorId)\n {\n Log.Error(TAG, "OnRecoverableError(): " + errorId);\n return base.OnRecoverableError(context, errorId);\n }\n\n protected override void OnError(Context context, string errorId)\n {\n Log.Error(TAG, "OnError(): " + errorId);\n }\n }\n}\n\n\nusing System;\nusing Android.App;\nusing Android.Content;\nusing Android.OS;\nusing Android.Support.V4.App;\nusing Android.Support.V4.Content;\nusing Android.Util;\nusing Exception = System.Exception;\n\nnamespace My.Android\n{\n internal class Notifications\n {\n const string TAG = "My.notifications";\n const string TITLE = "Application is running";\n const string DESC = "Tap to view";\n const int MainProgramNotificationId = 775566;\n\n // unique ID for our notification: \n static readonly string CHANNEL_ID = "My_channel_23";\n static readonly string CHANNEL_NAME = "[My_channel]";\n\n internal void CreateProgramIcon_on_hold(Intent intent)\n {\n var extras = new Bundle();\n extras.PutString("scopeDescription", TITLE);\n extras.PutString("stateDescription", DESC);\n intent.PutExtras(extras);\n\n ShowNotification(intent.Extras, false);\n }\n\n internal void CreateEventNotification(Intent extra)\n {\n if (extra.Extras != null && !extra.Extras.IsEmpty)\n ShowNotification(extra.Extras, true);\n\n var notificationId = extra?.Extras?.GetString("notification-id", null);\n if (notificationId != null && notificationId.Length > 0)\n SharedMobile.API.ApiService.NotificationConfirmation(notificationId);\n }\n\n private void ShowNotification(Bundle extras, bool autoCancel)\n {\n try\n {\n string title = TITLE; \n string description = DESC;\n if (extras != null && !extras.IsEmpty)\n {\n title = extras.GetString("scopeDescription", null);\n description = extras.GetString("stateDescription", "");\n }\n\n Intent intent = new Intent(Application.Context, typeof(SplashScreen));\n BuildNotification(intent, extras, title, description, autoCancel);\n\n }\n catch (Exception ex)\n {\n Log.Debug(TAG, ex.Message);\n }\n }\n\n private void BuildNotification(Intent intent, Bundle extras, string title, string description, bool autoCancel)\n {\n bool onGoing = !autoCancel;\n int icon = IconId(null, null); // code not shown\n intent.AddFlags(ActivityFlags.ReorderToFront);\n var pendingIntent = PendingIntent.GetActivity(Application.Context, 0, intent, PendingIntentFlags.UpdateCurrent);\n\n CreateNotificationChannel(autoCancel);\n\n var notificationManager = Application.Context.GetSystemService(Context.NotificationService) as NotificationManager;\n NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(Application.Context, CHANNEL_ID);\n\n builder.SetSmallIcon(icon)\n .SetContentTitle(title)\n .SetContentText(description)\n .SetSmallIcon(Resource.Drawable.notification_icon)\n .SetAutoCancel(autoCancel)\n .SetOngoing(onGoing)\n .SetContentIntent(pendingIntent);\n\n if (Build.VERSION.SdkInt >= BuildVersionCodes.Lollipop)\n builder.SetColor(ContextCompat.GetColor(Application.Context, Resource.Color.exBackgroundColor));\n\n string utcTicks = null;\n if (extras != null)\n utcTicks = extras.GetString("utcTicks", null);\n if (utcTicks != null)\n {\n var ticks = Int64.Parse(utcTicks);\n DateTimeOffset dto = new DateTimeOffset(ticks, TimeSpan.Zero);\n builder.SetWhen(dto.ToUnixTimeMilliseconds());\n }\n else\n builder.SetShowWhen(true);\n\n notificationManager?.Notify(MainProgramNotificationId, builder.Build());\n }\n\n private void CreateNotificationChannel(bool evnt)\n {\n if (Build.VERSION.SdkInt < BuildVersionCodes.O)\n {\n // There is no need to create a notification channel on older versions of Android.\n return;\n }\n NotificationImportance ni;\n if (evnt)\n ni = NotificationImportance.Default;\n else\n ni = NotificationImportance.Low;\n var channel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID, CHANNEL_NAME, ni)\n {\n Description = "My App",\n LockscreenVisibility = NotificationVisibility.Private,\n };\n var notificationManager = Application.Context.GetSystemService(Context.NotificationService) as NotificationManager;\n notificationManager.CreateNotificationChannel(channel);\n }\n\n string FormatTimeStamp(string utcTicks)\n {\n try\n {\n var ticks = Int64.Parse(utcTicks);\n DateTimeOffset dto = new DateTimeOffset(ticks, TimeSpan.Zero);\n return dto.ToLocalTime().ToString("MM/dd HH:mm:ss");\n }\n catch (Exception)\n {\n return string.Empty;\n }\n }\n\n bool IgnoreActionProcess(string actionProcessId, int ackedProcessId)\n {\n try\n {\n if (int.Parse(actionProcessId) == ackedProcessId)\n return true;\n }\n catch (Exception ex)\n {\n Log.Debug(TAG, $"int parse: {actionProcessId} {ex.Message}");\n }\n return false;\n }\n\n }\n}\n更新：\n我将公共类 AzureListenerService : GcmServiceBase 中的 OnMessage 更改为不执行任何操作，但它仍然崩溃：
\n\n未处理的异常：\nJava.Lang.IllegalStateException：不允许启动服务 Intent { act=com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE flg=0x1000010 pkg=com.mycompany.myapp cmp=com.mycompany.myapp/md5bf34da605c12d097dc5a495af95e9376。 AzureListenerService（有额外功能）}：应用程序在后台 uid UidRecord{d45626f u0a173 RCVR bg：+1m29s589ms 空闲更改：未缓存的过程：1 seq(0,0,0)} 发生
\n\n更新\n我实现了 JobScheduler，这没有什么区别。此外，该应用程序必须在后台运行“一段时间”，然后问题总会发生。我还更改了我的应用程序，在通知到达时不执行任何操作（但记录），但它仍然崩溃。
\n\n更新\n我得到了这个工作：https://developer.xamarin.com/samples/monodroid/Firebase/FCMNotifications/ \n通过将其“按原样”添加到我的 firebase 帐户，下载 google-services.json 并使用http 进行测试： //pushtry.com/。Azure 门户测试发送尚未成功。如果我能让 Azure 正常工作，希望将 FCMNotifications 中的代码合并到我的应用程序中...
\nAndroid 8.0（API 级别 26）及更高版本对后台服务有限制。它包括对具体方法的以下更改：
现在，如果面向 Android 8.0 的应用尝试在不允许创建后台服务的情况下使用该方法，则 startService() 方法会引发 IllegalStateException。新的 Context.startForegroundService() 方法启动前台服务。即使应用程序处于后台，系统也允许应用程序调用 Context.startForegroundService()。但是，应用程序必须在创建服务后五秒内调用该服务的 startForeground() 方法。
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