Django 在文件末尾添加一些奇怪的字符

Question

当我将文件提交到 django 服务器并且文件名存在于目录中时，我遇到了问题。Django 不会覆盖该文件，但会在名称末尾添加一些字符。我怎样才能添加字符而不是 Django.

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我的 model.py 看起来像这样

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class UpLoadFile(models.Model):\n      user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)\n      file = models.FileField()\n      uploaded_at = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)\n\n      def __str__(self):\n          return self.file.name + \' (\' + self.user.username + \')\'\n

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views.py 看起来像这样：

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@login_required\ndef home(request):\n    if request.method == \'POST\':\n\n        if \'upload_file\' in request.POST:\n            form = UploadFileForm(request.POST, request.FILES)\n            form.instance.user = request.user\n            if form.is_valid():\n                messages.success(request, \'Datoteka {} je bila uspe\xc5\xa1no dodana\'.format(str(request.FILES["file"])))\n                form.save()\n                return HttpResponseRedirect(\'/\')\n\n        else:\n            messages.error(request, \'Datoteke {} ni bilo mogo\xc4\x8de dodati. Preveriti \xc4\x8de datoteka vsebuje podatke.\'\n                           .format(str(request.FILES["file"])))\n            return HttpResponseRedirect(\'/\')\n\n\n    elif request.method == \'GET\':\n        upload_file = UploadFileForm()\n        return render(request, \'update_file/home.html\', {\'page_title\': \'Home\', \'upload_form\': upload_file})\n

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forms.py 看起来像这样：

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class UploadFileForm(forms.ModelForm):\n    file = forms.FileField(required=True)\n\n    class Meta:\n        model = UpLoadFile\n        fields = (\'file\',)\n

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Answer 1

Django 类的默认行为Storage是当文件名已经存在时将一系列随机字符附加到文件名的末尾。如果您希望控制附加哪些字符，您可以创建自己的Storage子类并覆盖该get_available_name()函数。

一个非常简单的示例，它将一组固定的字符附加到名称的末尾（您可能希望适应不同的字符）：

import os
from django.core.files.storage import FileSystemStorage

class MyStorage(FileSystemStorage):

    def get_available_name(self, name, max_length=None):
        if self.exists(name):
            dir_name, file_name = os.path.split(name)
            file_root, file_ext = os.path.splitext(file_name)            

            my_chars = 'abcde'  # The characters you want to append

            name = os.path.join(dir_name, '{}_{}{}'.format(file_root, my_chars, file_ext))
        return name

然后，您可以在模型上指定自定义存储类：

class UpLoadFile(models.Model):
      user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
      file = models.FileField(storage=MyStorage())  # Your custom storage
      ...

还值得查看 Django 的现有代码get_available_name()。