Django Heroku Debug = False，静态文件导致内部服务器错误

Question

已解决： 我不确定我最终做了什么组合来修复它，但最后一部分是修复我的静态文件层次结构。之前，我只是有，/<base>/static/main.css但我将其更改为/<base>/static/<project-name>/main.css并以某种方式解决了该问题。

原始问题： 我目前正在尝试使用 Heroku 部署 django 应用程序。Debug=False但是，当我尝试部署时，出现内部服务器错误，因为服务器找不到main.css样式表。请注意，当Debug=True一切正常时。

当我python manage.py findstatic --verbosity 2 main.css在命令行中尝试时，我收到错误消息“找不到与 'main.css' 匹配的文件。查看以下位置：/Users/Kyle/.local/share/virtualenvs/hostable-Ij2AFM0k/lib/python3。 6/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/static”，但我不知道它为什么在这里查看。

下面我提供了我的settings.py文件。我的文件层次结构一团糟，因为这样做collectstatic将一大堆静态文件生成到一个staticfiles文件夹中，但我不知道它们来自哪里或它们的目的是什么。我有一个static文件夹中的样式表，但似乎不再被调用。

我想知道的是：我应该在我的设置或文件层次结构中更改什么以便main.css找到？

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'crispy_forms',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'menus.apps.MenusConfig',
    'events.apps.EventsConfig',
    'users.apps.UsersConfig',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'project.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates'),
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'users/templates'),
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'events/templates'),
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'menus/templates'),
        ],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'project.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

DEBUG_PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS = True

PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'staticfiles')

PS我也尝试过使用whitenoise相当不成功。

我还应该提到，当我查看日志文件时，我收到了ValueError: Missing staticfiles manifest entry for …此处引用的消息，http://whitenoise.evans.io/en/stable/django.html#why-do-i-get-valueerror-missing- staticfiles-manifest-entry-for。

工作版本settings.py：

DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'crispy_forms',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'menus.apps.MenusConfig',
    'events.apps.EventsConfig',
    'users.apps.UsersConfig',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'project.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates'),
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'users/templates'),
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'events/templates'),
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'menus/templates'),
        ],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'project.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

DEBUG_PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS = True

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'), ]
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')

Answer 1

在 中Debug = False，尝试在项目目录的url.py文件中添加静态文件的url：

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, re_path, include
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.conf import settings
from django.views.static import serve

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    re_path(r'^', include('app.urls')),

    re_path(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$', serve,
            {'document_root': settings.STATIC_ROOT}),
] 

更新：

通过在项目urls.py文件中添加上述内容，Django 将检查您的STATIC_URL设置并连接视图以相应地提供静态文件。

此外，如文档中所述，在生产模式下（即DEBUG = False），您应该使用 Web 服务器来提供静态文件，而不是 django。因此，staticfiles如果，将拒绝为您的资产提供服务DEBUG = False。