在声明性 Jenkins 管道中的环境变量中存储值列表

Question

我有以下管道，但我不知道为什么它在第一行代码中失败：

pipeline {
    agent any
    environment {
        def mypods = []
    }
    stages {
        stage('Getting pods') {
            steps {
                script {
                   withKubeConfig(caCertificate: '.....', credentialsId: '.....', serverUrl: '.....') {
                       env.mypods = sh "kubectl get pod | grep Running | awk '{print \$1}'"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        stage('Print pods') {
            steps {
                script {
                    mypods.each {
                        println "Item: $it"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

我需要使用一个列表，因为 kubectl get pods 命令返回一个 pod 列表，所以我必须在阶段中保存和使用它们。如何在声明性管道上创建列表？提前致谢。

这是错误：

Running in Durability level: MAX_SURVIVABILITY
org.codehaus.groovy.control.MultipleCompilationErrorsException: startup failed:
WorkflowScript: 4: Environment variable values must either be single quoted, double quoted, or function calls. @ line 4, column 22.
           def mypods = []
                        ^

WorkflowScript: 3: No variables specified for environment @ line 3, column 5.
       environment {
       ^

2 errors

    at org.codehaus.groovy.control.ErrorCollector.failIfErrors(ErrorCollector.java:310)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.applyToPrimaryClassNodes(CompilationUnit.java:1085)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.doPhaseOperation(CompilationUnit.java:603)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.processPhaseOperations(CompilationUnit.java:581)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.compile(CompilationUnit.java:558)
    at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.doParseClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:298)
    at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.parseClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:268)
    at groovy.lang.GroovyShell.parseClass(GroovyShell.java:688)
    at groovy.lang.GroovyShell.parse(GroovyShell.java:700)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsGroovyShell.doParse(CpsGroovyShell.java:131)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsGroovyShell.reparse(CpsGroovyShell.java:125)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsFlowExecution.parseScript(CpsFlowExecution.java:560)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsFlowExecution.start(CpsFlowExecution.java:521)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.job.WorkflowRun.run(WorkflowRun.java:320)
    at hudson.model.ResourceController.execute(ResourceController.java:97)
    at hudson.model.Executor.run(Executor.java:429)
Finished: FAILURE

Answer 1

声明式管道在语法方面有一些限制。您会看到此错误，因为在environment块中您只能分配两种类型的表达式：

• 字符串（单引号或双引号）
• 值从函数调用返回

但是，您需要注意环境变量仅存储字符串值，因此如果您从函数调用中返回一个数组（或任何其他类型），它将自动转换为其toString()表示形式。

pipeline {
    agent any 

    environment {
        MYPODS = getPods()
    }

    stages {
        stage("Test") {
            steps {
                script {
                    println "My pods = ${env.MYPODS}"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

def getPods() {
    return ['pod1', 'pod2']
}

控制台输出：

pipeline {
    agent any 

    environment {
        MYPODS = getPods()
    }

    stages {
        stage("Test") {
            steps {
                script {
                    println "My pods = ${env.MYPODS}"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

def getPods() {
    return ['pod1', 'pod2']
}

解决方案

如果要存储字符串值列表，则可以将其定义为以,字符分隔的单个值字符串。在这种情况下，您可以简单地将其标记为值列表。考虑以下示例：

pipeline {
    agent any 

    environment {
        MYPODS = 'pod1,pod2,pod3'
    }

    stages {
        stage("Test") {
            steps {
                script {
                    MYPODS.tokenize(',').each {
                        println "Item: ${it}"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

输出：

[Pipeline] node
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] withEnv
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] stage
[Pipeline] { (Test)
[Pipeline] script (hide)
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] echo
<java.lang.String@ed6c7b35 value=[pod1, pod2] hash=-311657675>
[Pipeline] echo
MYPODS = [pod1, pod2]
[Pipeline] echo
Item: [
[Pipeline] echo
Item: p
[Pipeline] echo
Item: o
[Pipeline] echo
Item: d
[Pipeline] echo
Item: 1
[Pipeline] echo
Item: ,
[Pipeline] echo
Item:  
[Pipeline] echo
Item: p
[Pipeline] echo
Item: o
[Pipeline] echo
Item: d
[Pipeline] echo
Item: 2
[Pipeline] echo
Item: ]
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // script
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // withEnv
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
Finished: SUCCESS

Answer 2

你的环境应该在代理之后

pipeline {

agent any
environment {
    def mypods = []
}
stages {
    stage('Getting pods') {
        steps {
            script {
               withKubeConfig(caCertificate: '.....', credentialsId: '.....', serverUrl: '.....') {
                    env.mypods = sh "kubectl get pod | grep Running | awk '{print \$1}'"
                }
            }
        }
    }
    stage('Print pods') {
        steps {
            script {
                mypods.each {
                    println "Item: $it"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

}