lark-parser 缩进 DSL 和多行文档字符串

Question

我正在尝试使用lark实现记录定义 DSL 。它基于缩进，这使事情变得更加复杂。

Lark 是一个很棒的工具，但我面临一些困难。

这是我正在实施的 DSL 片段：

record Order :
    """Order record documentation
    should have arbitrary size"""

    field1 Int
    field2 Datetime:
        """Attributes should also have
        multiline documentation"""

    field3 String "inline documentation also works"

这是使用的语法：

?start: (_NEWLINE | redorddef)*

simple_type: NAME

multiline_doc:  MULTILINE_STRING _NEWLINE
inline_doc: INLINE_STRING

?element_doc:  ":" _NEWLINE _INDENT multiline_doc _DEDENT | inline_doc

attribute_name: NAME
attribute_simple_type: attribute_name simple_type [element_doc] _NEWLINE
attributes: attribute_simple_type+
_recordbody: _NEWLINE _INDENT [multiline_doc] attributes _DEDENT
redorddef: "record" NAME ":" _recordbody



MULTILINE_STRING: /"""([^"\\]*(\\.[^"\\]*)*)"""/
INLINE_STRING: /"([^"\\]*(\\.[^"\\]*)*)"/

_WS_INLINE: (" "|/\t/)+
COMMENT: /#[^\n]*/
_NEWLINE: ( /\r?\n[\t ]*/ | COMMENT )+

%import common.CNAME -> NAME
%import common.INT

%ignore /[\t \f]+/  // WS
%ignore /\\[\t \f]*\r?\n/   // LINE_CONT
%ignore COMMENT
%declare _INDENT _DEDENT

它适用于记录定义的多行字符串文档，适用于内联属性定义，但不适用于属性多行字符串文档。

我用来执行的代码是这样的：

import sys
import pprint

from pathlib import Path

from lark import Lark, UnexpectedInput
from lark.indenter import Indenter

scheman_data_works = '''
record Order :
        """Order record documentation
        should have arbitrary size"""

        field1 Int
        # field2 Datetime:
        #   """Attributes should also have
        #   multiline documentation"""

        field3 String "inline documentation also works"
'''

scheman_data_wrong = '''
record Order :
        """Order record documentation
        should have arbitrary size"""

        field1 Int
        field2 Datetime:
                """Attributes should also have
                multiline documentation"""

        field3 String "inline documentation also works"
'''
grammar = r'''

?start: (_NEWLINE | redorddef)*

simple_type: NAME

multiline_doc:  MULTILINE_STRING _NEWLINE
inline_doc: INLINE_STRING

?element_doc:  ":" _NEWLINE _INDENT multiline_doc _DEDENT | inline_doc

attribute_name: NAME
attribute_simple_type: attribute_name simple_type [element_doc] _NEWLINE
attributes: attribute_simple_type+
_recordbody: _NEWLINE _INDENT [multiline_doc] attributes _DEDENT
redorddef: "record" NAME ":" _recordbody



MULTILINE_STRING: /"""([^"\\]*(\\.[^"\\]*)*)"""/
INLINE_STRING: /"([^"\\]*(\\.[^"\\]*)*)"/

_WS_INLINE: (" "|/\t/)+
COMMENT: /#[^\n]*/
_NEWLINE: ( /\r?\n[\t ]*/ | COMMENT )+

%import common.CNAME -> NAME
%import common.INT

%ignore /[\t \f]+/  // WS
%ignore /\\[\t \f]*\r?\n/   // LINE_CONT
%ignore COMMENT
%declare _INDENT _DEDENT

'''

class SchemanIndenter(Indenter):
    NL_type = '_NEWLINE'
    OPEN_PAREN_types = ['LPAR', 'LSQB', 'LBRACE']
    CLOSE_PAREN_types = ['RPAR', 'RSQB', 'RBRACE']
    INDENT_type = '_INDENT'
    DEDENT_type = '_DEDENT'
    tab_len = 4

scheman_parser = Lark(grammar, parser='lalr', postlex=SchemanIndenter())
print(scheman_parser.parse(scheman_data_works).pretty())
print("\n\n")
print(scheman_parser.parse(scheman_data_wrong).pretty())

结果是：

redorddef
Order
multiline_doc """Order record documentation
        should have arbitrary size"""
attributes
    attribute_simple_type
    attribute_name    field1
    simple_type       Int
    attribute_simple_type
    attribute_name    field3
    simple_type       String
    inline_doc        "inline documentation also works"




Traceback (most recent call last):
File "schema_parser.py", line 83, in <module>
    print(scheman_parser.parse(scheman_data_wrong).pretty())
File "/Users/branquif/Dropbox/swf_projects/schema-manager/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/lark/lark.py", line 228, in parse
    return self.parser.parse(text)
File "/Users/branquif/Dropbox/swf_projects/schema-manager/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/lark/parser_frontends.py", line 38, in parse
    return self.parser.parse(token_stream, *[sps] if sps is not NotImplemented else [])
File "/Users/branquif/Dropbox/swf_projects/schema-manager/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/lark/parsers/lalr_parser.py", line 68, in parse
    for token in stream:
File "/Users/branquif/Dropbox/swf_projects/schema-manager/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/lark/indenter.py", line 31, in process
    for token in stream:
File "/Users/branquif/Dropbox/swf_projects/schema-manager/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/lark/lexer.py", line 319, in lex
    for x in l.lex(stream, self.root_lexer.newline_types, self.root_lexer.ignore_types):
File "/Users/branquif/Dropbox/swf_projects/schema-manager/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/lark/lexer.py", line 167, in lex
    raise UnexpectedCharacters(stream, line_ctr.char_pos, line_ctr.line, line_ctr.column, state=self.state)
lark.exceptions.UnexpectedCharacters: No terminal defined for 'f' at line 11 col 2

        field3 String "inline documentation also
^

我不明白缩进的语法更复杂，而 lark 似乎使它更容易，但在这里找不到错误。

PS：我也尝试过 pyparsing，但在同样的情况下没有成功，考虑到可能需要的代码量，我很难转向 PLY。

Answer 1

该错误来自于错误放置的 _NEWLINE 终端。一般来说，建议确保规则在语法中的作用方面是平衡的。所以这就是你应该如何定义的element_doc：

?element_doc:  ":" _NEWLINE _INDENT multiline_doc _DEDENT
            | inline_doc _NEWLINE

请注意添加的换行符，这意味着无论解析器采用两个选项中的哪一个，它都会以类似的状态结束，语法方面（_DEDENT也匹配换行符）。

作为第一个变化的结果，第二个变化是：

attribute_simple_type: attribute_name simple_type (element_doc|_NEWLINE)

由于element_doc已经处理换行符，我们不应该尝试匹配它两次。