如何使用参数名称而不是数字格式化消息？

Question

我有类似的东西:

String text = "The user {0} has email address {1}."
// params = { "Robert", "myemailaddr@gmail.com" }
String msg = MessageFormat.format(text, params);

这对我来说并不好,因为有时候我的翻译人员不确定{0}和{1}中的内容是什么,也可以在不担心args顺序的情况下重新编写消息.

我想用可读的名称而不是数字替换参数.像这样的东西:

String text = "The user {USERNAME} has email address {EMAILADDRESS}."
// Map map = new HashMap( ... [USERNAME="Robert", EMAILADDRESS="myemailaddr@gmail.com"]
String msg = MessageFormat.format(text, map);

是否有捷径可寻？

谢谢!抢

Answer 1

您可以使用MapFormat.在这里找到详细信息:

http://www.java2s.com/Code/Java/I18N/AtextformatsimilartoMessageFormatbutusingstringratherthannumerickeys.htm

String text = "The user {name} has email address {email}.";
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("name", "Robert");
map.put("email", "rhume55@gmail.com");

System.out.println("1st : " + MapFormat.format(text, map));

输出:第1名:用户Robert的电子邮件地址为rhume55@gmail.com.

Answer 2

见StrSubstitutor来自org.apache.commons.lang3:

Map valuesMap = HashMap();
valuesMap.put("animal", "quick brown fox");
valuesMap.put("target", "lazy dog");
String templateString = "The ${animal} jumped over the ${target}.";
StrSubstitutor sub = new StrSubstitutor(valuesMap);
String resolvedString = sub.replace(templateString);

// resolvedString: "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog."

Answer 3

很容易自己做一个.这就是我使用的(该main()函数仅用于测试代码):

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class StringTemplate {
    final private String template;
    final private Matcher m;
    static final private Pattern keyPattern = 
        Pattern.compile("\\$\\{([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*(\\.[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)*)\\}");
    private boolean blanknull=false;

    public StringTemplate(String template) { 
        this.template=template;
        this.m = keyPattern.matcher(template);
    }

    /**
     * @param map substitution map
     * @return substituted string
     */
    public String substitute(Map<String, ? extends Object> map)
    {
        this.m.reset();
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        while (this.m.find())
        {
            String k0 = this.m.group();
            String k = this.m.group(1);
            Object vobj = map.get(k);
            String v = (vobj == null) 
                ? (this.blanknull ? "" : k0)
                : vobj.toString();
            this.m.appendReplacement(sb, Matcher.quoteReplacement(v));
        }
        this.m.appendTail(sb);
        return sb.toString();       
    }

    public StringTemplate setBlankNull()
    {
        this.blanknull=true;
        return this;
    }

    static public void main(String[] args)
    {
        StringTemplate t1 = new StringTemplate("${this} is a ${test} of the ${foo} bar=${bar} ${emergency.broadcasting.system}");
        t1.setBlankNull();
        Map<String, String> m = new HashMap<String, String>();
        m.put("this", "*This*");
        m.put("test", "*TEST*");
        m.put("foo", "$$$aaa\\\\111");
        m.put("emergency.broadcasting.system", "EBS");
        System.out.println(t1.substitute(m));
    }
}