Die*_*emo 4 python mocking python-2.7 python-unittest
我有一个具有__exit__and__enter__函数的类,以便我可以在 with 语句中使用它,例如:
with ClassName() as c:
c.do_something()
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我现在正在尝试编写一个单元测试来测试这个。基本上,我试图测试do_something()只被调用过一次。
一个例子(我称之为testmocking1):
class temp:
def __init__(self):
pass
def __enter__(self):
pass
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
pass
def test_method(self):
return 1
def fun():
with temp() as t:
return t.test_method()
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我的测试:
import unittest
import test_mocking1
from test_mocking1 import fun
import mock
from mock import patch
class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
@patch('test_mocking1.temp', autospec = True)
def test_fun_enter_called_once(self, mocked_object):
fun()
mocked_object.test_method.assert_called_once()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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所以我希望这会通过,因为 test_method 在函数中只被调用了一次fun()。但我得到的实际结果是:
======================================================================
FAIL: test_fun_enter_called_once (__main__.MyTestCase)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<path_to_virtual_env>\lib\site-packages\mock\mock.py", line 1305, in patched
return func(*args, **keywargs)
File "<File_with_test>", line 11, in test_fun_enter_called_once
mocked_object.test_method.assert_called_once()
File "<path_to_virtual_env>\lib\site-
packages\mock\mock.py", line 915, in assert_called_once
raise AssertionError(msg)
AssertionError: Expected 'test_method' to have been called once. Called 0 times.
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如何测试使用with语句创建的类中的函数是否已被调用(一次或多次),以及(相关)如何设置这些调用的结果(使用.side_effect或.return_value)?
该with语句采用任何__enter__返回来绑定到部件中的名称as <name>。你把它绑定到t:
with temp() as t:
t.test_method()
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请注意,这temp()是被调用的,因此该with语句以temp.return_value. t也不temp.return_value是,它是任何temp().__enter__()返回值,因此您需要使用该调用的返回值:
entered = mocked_object.return_value.__enter__.return_value
entered.test_method.assert_called_once()
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对此进行扩展,如果您想更改test_method()返回的内容,请对mocked_object.return_value.__enter__.return_value.
您始终可以打印出对象的mock_calls()属性以查看它发生了什么:
>>> from test_mocking1 import fun
>>> from mock import patch
>>> with patch('test_mocking1.temp', autospec = True) as mocked_object:
... fun()
...
>>> print(mocked_object.mock_calls)
[call(),
call().__enter__(),
call().__enter__().test_method(),
call().__exit__(None, None, None)]
>>> mocked_object.return_value.__enter__.return_value.test_method.called
True
>>> mocked_object.return_value.__enter__.return_value.test_method.call_count
1
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请注意,您实际执行的temp.__enter__()回报None,所以没有嘲笑你的fun()函数失败与属性错误。