根据条件在python中反转列表

Question

我希望以.log应该是第一个文件和.gz文件应该按降序排列的方式对此列表进行排序

my_list = [
     '/abc/a.log.1.gz',
     '/abc/a.log',
     '/abc/a.log.30.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.2.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.5.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.3.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.6.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.4.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.12.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.10.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.8.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.14.gz',
     '/abc/a.log.29.gz'
]

预期结果:

my_list = ['/abc/a.log',
        '/abc/a.log.30.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.29.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.29.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.14.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.12.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.10.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.8.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.6.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.5.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.4.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.3.gz',
        '/abc/a.log.2.gz'
        '/abc/a.log.1.gz']

reversed(mylist) 也没有让我得到理想的解决方案.

Answer 1

使用sorted自定义key功能和reverse=True:

print(sorted(my_list, key=lambda x: (x.endswith('log'), x), reverse=True))
#['/abc/spa/a.log',
# '/abc/spa/a.log.30.gz',
# '/abc/spa/a.log.2.gz',
# '/abc/spa/a.log.1.gz']

根据更新的问题,您似乎正在尝试对文件名进行排序.我建议使用os.path来操纵这些字符串.

首先,你可以使用os.path.splitext拆分扩展来比较.log或.gz.然后再次剥离扩展以获取文件编号,并将其转换为整数.

例如:

import os

def get_sort_keys(filepath):
    split_file_path = os.path.splitext(filepath)
    sort_key = (split_file_path[1], *os.path.splitext(split_file_path[0]))
    return (sort_key[0], sort_key[1], int(sort_key[2].strip(".")) if sort_key[2] else 0)

print(sorted(my_list, key=get_sort_keys, reverse=True))
#['/abc/a.log',
# '/abc/a.log.30.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.29.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.14.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.12.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.10.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.8.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.6.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.5.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.4.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.3.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.2.gz',
# '/abc/a.log.1.gz']

在这个版本中,我没有endswith("log")像以前那样明确地检查,但我依赖于log扩展将按gz字典顺序排序的事实.