Powershell在String中搜索并提取字符串的特定值

Question

我有一个包含许多行的大文件.例如:

ts=2019-01-16 network=1.1.1.1 system=irgendwas pid=100 bugReq=dasf something=else maybe=this

从每一行我想提取以下信息:

ts=,system= & something=,但=总是改变后的价值观.

我试过这个,但无法让它起作用:

$found = $string -match '.*system="(\d+)".*' if ($found) { $system= $matches[1]}

Answer 1

这是另一个解决方案.[ grin ]它使用ConvertFrom-StringDatacmdlet将输入解析为对象.然后它创建一个只有想要的道具的[PSCustomObject].最后,它将每个对象发送到$ Results集合.

虽然最终自定义对象的构造使得以下信息在这种情况下不重要,但重要的是要知道ConvertFrom-StringDatacmdlet 的输出是标准哈希表.这意味着对象的顺序几乎肯定不是原始顺序.不要指望事物按照它们在源中出现的顺序排列.

[edit =添加了一个带有嵌入空格和更新-replace模式的新数据行来处理它.]

# fake reading in a text file
#    in real life, use Get-Content
$InStuff = @(
    'ts=2019-01-16 network=1.1.1.1 system=irgendwas pid=100 bugReq=dasf something=else maybe=this'
    'ts=2019-01-16 network=1.1.1.2 system=PC-001 pid=100 bugReq=dasf something=OtherElse maybe=this'
    'ts=2019-01-16 network=1.1.1.66 system=PC-666 pid=100 bugReq=dasf something=ThisELse maybe=this'
    'ts=2019-01-16 network=1.1.1.3 system=PC-123 pid=100 bugReq=dasf something=AnotherElse maybe=this'
    'ts=2019-01-16 network=1.1.1.4 system=PC-004 Oo-LaLa another value with WhiteSpace id=100 bugReq=dasf something=Else-ish with Whitespace'
    )

$Results = foreach ($IS_Item in $InStuff)
    {
    # this requires that spaces ONLY be found as delimiters
    #    if you have embedded spaces, some sort of data format adjustment will be required
    #    now there is a need for handline embedded whitespace
    #$IS_Item -replace ' ', [environment]::NewLine |
    $IS_Item -replace '(\w{1,}=)', ('{0}{1}' -f [environment]::NewLine, '$1') |
        ConvertFrom-StringData |
        ForEach-Object {
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                TS = $_.ts
                System = $_.system
                Something = $_.something
                }
            }
    }

$Results

屏幕输出......

TS         System                                       Something               
--         ------                                       ---------               
2019-01-16 irgendwas                                    else                    
2019-01-16 PC-001                                       OtherElse               
2019-01-16 PC-666                                       ThisELse                
2019-01-16 PC-123                                       AnotherElse             
2019-01-16 PC-004 Oo-LaLa another value with WhiteSpace Else-ish with Whitespace

它是一个简单对象的合适集合,所以它会Export-CSV非常整齐.[ 笑 ]