尝试使用Python 3.7.2 pip安装软件包会导致TSL / SSL错误

Question

我正在继续：

Amazon Linux AMI 2018.03.0

Linux ip-xxx-yy-z-ww 4.14.77-70.59.amzn1.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Nov 12 22:02:45 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

多python环境。它同时安装了Python 2.7.15和3.7.2。

常规（Python2）pip正常运行。

当我尝试运行时pip3 install flask，出现以下错误：

pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting flask
  Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/flask/
  Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/flask/
  Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/flask/
  Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/flask/
  Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/flask/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/flask/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/flask/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement flask (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for flask
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping

如果我尝试安装其他任何软件包，也会出现相同的错误。

pip3版本是18.1

添加--trusted-host pypi.org无济于事。

安装ca证书无济于事

根据以下指南安装了Python 3：https : //stackoverflow.com/a/8112006/8826349

编辑：我现在注意到，make在Python 3上运行时，它成功完成，但是显示以下消息：

Python build finished successfully!
The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
_hashlib              _ssl                  _tkinter
_uuid
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.


The following modules found by detect_modules() in setup.py, have been
built by the Makefile instead, as configured by the Setup files:
_abc                  atexit                pwd
time


Could not build the ssl module!
Python requires an OpenSSL 1.0.2 or 1.1 compatible libssl with X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_host().
LibreSSL 2.6.4 and earlier do not provide the necessary APIs, https://github.com/libressl-portable/portable/issues/381

编辑2：

我的问题似乎与此相同。但是，该线程除了描述问题外没有提供任何解决方案。

我已尝试使用本指南编译新版本的openssl 。但是较新的openssl版本无法解决我的问题。

编辑3：

我无法找到此问题的解决方案。

看来Amazon的Linux版本无法在Python 3上正常运行。

他们确实有一个不同的操作系统，称为Amazon Linux 2，在其中安装Python 3就像运行一样容易 yum install python3

但是，Amazon Linux 2有其自身的问题。这是缺少Python 2的安装pip。您可以通过运行以下命令手动安装它：

curl -O https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py --user

但这实际上会覆盖pip3，因此Python 3仍然没有pip。

Answer 1

您可以忽略 ssl 错误或安装 open-ssl。你应该尝试这个答案。