如何调试R包安装失败？

Question

我正在尝试在 Jupyter 笔记本中安装 CRAN 软件包（从镜像），通过 JupyterLab 启动并在 Alpine Linux docker 映像中运行，大多数内容都是使用 conda 安装的。有些软件包可以工作...

install.packages('ABCanalysis', verbose=TRUE, INSTALL_opts=c('--debug'), repos=...)

...输出...

system (cmd0): /opt/conda/lib/R/bin/R CMD INSTALL --debug 
also installing the dependency 'plotrix'

foundpkgs: plotrix, ABCanalysis, /tmp/RtmpqoorrU/downloaded_packages/plotrix_3.7-4.tar.gz, /tmp/RtmpqoorrU/downloaded_packages/ABCanalysis_1.2.1.tar.gz
files: /tmp/RtmpqoorrU/downloaded_packages/plotrix_3.7-4.tar.gz, 
    /tmp/RtmpqoorrU/downloaded_packages/ABCanalysis_1.2.1.tar.gz
1): succeeded '/opt/conda/lib/R/bin/R CMD INSTALL --debug -l '/opt/conda/lib/R/library' /tmp/RtmpqoorrU/downloaded_packages/plotrix_3.7-4.tar.gz'
2): succeeded '/opt/conda/lib/R/bin/R CMD INSTALL --debug -l '/opt/conda/lib/R/library' /tmp/RtmpqoorrU/downloaded_packages/ABCanalysis_1.2.1.tar.gz'
Updating HTML index of packages in '.Library'
Making 'packages.html' ... done

install.packages('bitops', verbose=TRUE, INSTALL_opts=c('--debug'), repos=...)

...但有些包不...

install.packages('bitops', verbose=TRUE, INSTALL_opts=c('--debug'), repos=...)

system (cmd0): /opt/conda/lib/R/bin/R CMD INSTALL --debug
foundpkgs: bitops, /tmp/RtmpqoorrU/downloaded_packages/bitops_1.0-6.tar.gz
files: /tmp/RtmpqoorrU/downloaded_packages/bitops_1.0-6.tar.gz
Warning message in install.packages("bitops", verbose = TRUE, INSTALL_opts = c("--debug"), :
"installation of package 'bitops' had non-zero exit status"Updating HTML index of packages in '.Library'
Making 'packages.html' ... done

我怀疑，但不确定，不需要编译工作的软件包，以及不需要编译工作的软件包。

我该如何调试这个问题，即如何发现导致非零退出代码的原因？两者--debug似乎都verbose没有透露任何有用的信息。

Answer 1

使用keep_outputs = TRUE，即

install.packages('bitops', keep_outputs = TRUE, repos=...)

bitops.out这会将安装的输出保存在当前工作目录中调用的文件中。