如何在一行上运行 PowerShell？

Question

根据这个答案，PowerShell 语句可以用分号分隔。

这是我正在使用的脚本片段（为了简化而进行了一些编辑）：

Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Web;

$server = "http://website.com/index.php";

foreach ($path in [System.IO.Directory]::EnumerateFiles("C:\path\to\dir","*.xml","AllDirectories")) {

  try {
    $oXml = New-Object System.XML.XMLDocument;
    $oXml.Load($path);
    <more commands here>;
  } catch {}

}

这是我浓缩它的众多尝试之一：

powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Web; $server = 'http://website.com/index.php'; foreach ($path in [System.IO.Directory]::EnumerateFiles("C:\path\to\dir","*.xml","AllDirectories")) { try { $oXml = New-Object System.XML.XMLDocument; $oXml.Load($path); <more commands here>;} catch {}}"

以下是 cmd 返回的错误：

At line:1 char:140
+ ... hp'; foreach ($path in [System.IO.Directory]::EnumerateFiles(C:\path ...
+                                                                  ~
Missing ')' in method call.
At line:1 char:140
+ ... ry]::EnumerateFiles(C:\path\to\dir,*.xml,A ...
+                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Unexpected token 'C:\path\to\dir' in expression or statement.
At line:1 char:140
+ ... hp'; foreach ($path in [System.IO.Directory]::EnumerateFiles(C:\path ...
+                                                                  ~
Missing closing ')' after expression part of foreach loop.
At line:1 char:181
+ ... y]::EnumerateFiles(C:\path\to\dir,*.xml,Al ...
+                                                                 ~
Missing argument in parameter list.
At line:1 char:202
+ ... \path\to\dir,*.xml,AllDirectories)) { try  ...
+                                                                 ~
Unexpected token ')' in expression or statement.
At line:1 char:203
+ ... path\to\dir,*.xml,AllDirectories)) { try { ...
+                                                                 ~
Unexpected token ')' in expression or statement.
    + CategoryInfo          : ParserError: (:) [], ParentContainsErrorRecordException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : MissingEndParenthesisInMethodCall

如何（正确）将上述 PowerShell 脚本压缩为一行？

Answer 1

妮可，你有两个选择。

First 类似于您现在使用的技术，但将脚本中的任何双引号替换为单引号。将整个脚本用与号和括号括在双引号中。这会给你这样的东西......

powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "& {Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Web; $server = 'http://website.com/index.php'; foreach ($path in [System.IO.Directory]::EnumerateFiles('C:\path\to\dir','*.xml','AllDirectories')) { try { $oXml = New-Object System.XML.XMLDocument; $oXml.Load($path); <more commands here>;} catch {}}}"

您的第二个选择是对脚本进行 base64 编码，这样您就不必担心脚本有多复杂。然后使用 -EncodedCommand 选项启动 powershell.exe。

为此，您将首先像这样准备 base64 编码的脚本

$Script = @'
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Web;

$server = "http://website.com/index.php";

foreach ($path in [System.IO.Directory]::EnumerateFiles("C:\path\to\dir","*.xml","AllDirectories")) {

  try {
    $oXml = New-Object System.XML.XMLDocument;
    $oXml.Load($path);
    <more commands here>;
  } catch {}

}
'@

$ByteScript  = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetBytes($Script)
[System.Convert]::ToBase64String($ByteScript)

请注意，您的实际脚本位于多行字符串文字之间，@' 和 '@ 在它周围的单独行上。该命令的输出是脚本的 base64 编码字符串。现在你只需在命令行中使用它

powershell.exe -EncodedCommand "QQBkAGQALQBUAHkAcABlACAALQBBAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkATgBhAG0AZQAgAFMAeQBzAHQAZQBtAC4AVwBlAGIAOwANAAoADQAKACQAcwBlAHIAdgBlA
HIAIAA9ACAAIgBoAHQAdABwADoALwAvAHcAZQBiAHMAaQB0AGUALgBjAG8AbQAvAGkAbgBkAGUAeAAuAHAAaABwACIAOwANAAoADQAKAGYAbwByAGUAYQ
BjAGgAIAAoACQAcABhAHQAaAAgAGkAbgAgAFsAUwB5AHMAdABlAG0ALgBJAE8ALgBEAGkAcgBlAGMAdABvAHIAeQBdADoAOgBFAG4AdQBtAGUAcgBhAHQ
AZQBGAGkAbABlAHMAKAAiAEMAOgBcAHAAYQB0AGgAXAB0AG8AXABkAGkAcgAiACwAIgAqAC4AeABtAGwAIgAsACIAQQBsAGwARABpAHIAZQBjAHQAbwBy
AGkAZQBzACIAKQApACAAewANAAoADQAKACAAIAB0AHIAeQAgAHsADQAKACAAIAAgACAAJABvAFgAbQBsACAAPQAgAE4AZQB3AC0ATwBiAGoAZQBjAHQAI
ABTAHkAcwB0AGUAbQAuAFgATQBMAC4AWABNAEwARABvAGMAdQBtAGUAbgB0ADsADQAKACAAIAAgACAAJABvAFgAbQBsAC4ATABvAGEAZAAoACQAcABhAH
QAaAApADsADQAKACAAIAAgACAAPABtAG8AcgBlACAAYwBvAG0AbQBhAG4AZABzACAAaABlAHIAZQA+ADsADQAKACAAIAB9ACAAYwBhAHQAYwBoACAAewB
9AA0ACgANAAoAfQA="

唯一的主要缺点是 Base64 编码的字符串比原始字符串大。