Chr*_* W. 14 python json jsonschema python-jsonschema
我有一组符合jsonschema 的文档。某些文档包含对其他文档的引用(通过$ref属性)。我不希望托管这些文档,以便它们可以通过 HTTP URI 访问。因此,所有引用都是相对的。所有文档都位于本地文件夹结构中。
我怎样才能python-jsonschema理解正确使用我的本地文件系统来加载引用的文档?
例如,如果我有一个文件名defs.json包含一些定义的文档。我尝试加载引用它的不同文档,例如:
{
"allOf": [
{"$ref":"defs.json#/definitions/basic_event"},
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"action": {
"type": "string",
"enum": ["page_load"]
}
},
"required": ["action"]
}
]
}
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我收到一个错误 RefResolutionError: <urlopen error [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/defs.json'>
我在 linux 机器上可能很重要。
Dan*_*der 13
我最难弄清楚如何解决一组$ref彼此的模式(我是 JSON 模式的新手)。原来,关键是要创造RefResolver一个store这是一个dict从URL映射到架构。基于@devin-p 的回答:
import json
from jsonschema import RefResolver, Draft7Validator
base = """
{
"$id": "base.schema.json",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"prop": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"required": ["prop"]
}
"""
extend = """
{
"$id": "extend.schema.json",
"allOf": [
{"$ref": "base.schema.json#"},
{
"properties": {
"extra": {
"type": "boolean"
}
},
"required": ["extra"]
}
]
}
"""
extend_extend = """
{
"$id": "extend_extend.schema.json",
"allOf": [
{"$ref": "extend.schema.json#"},
{
"properties": {
"extra2": {
"type": "boolean"
}
},
"required": ["extra2"]
}
]
}
"""
data = """
{
"prop": "This is the property string",
"extra": true,
"extra2": false
}
"""
schema = json.loads(base)
extendedSchema = json.loads(extend)
extendedExtendSchema = json.loads(extend_extend)
schema_store = {
schema['$id'] : schema,
extendedSchema['$id'] : extendedSchema,
extendedExtendSchema['$id'] : extendedExtendSchema,
}
resolver = RefResolver.from_schema(schema, store=schema_store)
validator = Draft7Validator(extendedExtendSchema, resolver=resolver)
jsonData = json.loads(data)
validator.validate(jsonData)
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上面是用jsonschema==3.2.0.
您必须jsonschema.RefResolver为每个使用相对引用的模式构建自定义,并确保您的解析器知道给定模式在文件系统上的位置。
如...
import os
import json
from jsonschema import Draft4Validator, RefResolver # We prefer Draft7, but jsonschema 3.0 is still in alpha as of this writing
abs_path_to_schema = '/path/to/schema-doc-foobar.json'
with open(abs_path_to_schema, 'r') as fp:
schema = json.load(fp)
resolver = RefResolver(
# The key part is here where we build a custom RefResolver
# and tell it where *this* schema lives in the filesystem
# Note that `file:` is for unix systems
schema_path='file:{}'.format(abs_path_to_schema),
schema=schema
)
Draft4Validator.check_schema(schema) # Unnecessary but a good idea
validator = Draft4Validator(schema, resolver=resolver, format_checker=None)
# Then you can...
data_to_validate = `{...}`
validator.validate(data_to_validate)
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修复了对架构的错误引用 (
$ref)base。更新了示例以使用文档中的示例: https: //json-schema.org/understanding-json-schema/structuring.html
正如评论中指出的,在下面我使用以下导入:
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)from jsonschema import validate, RefResolver from jsonschema.validators import validator_for
这只是@Daniel 答案的另一个版本——这对我来说是正确的。$schema基本上,我决定在基本模式中定义。然后释放其他模式并在实例化解析器时进行明确的调用。
RefResolver.from_schema()获取(1)一些模式以及(2)一个模式存储对我来说并不是很清楚顺序和哪些“一些”模式在这里是否相关。所以你在下面看到的结构。我有以下内容:
base.schema.json:
from jsonschema import validate, RefResolver
from jsonschema.validators import validator_for
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definitions.schema.json:
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"
}
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address.schema.json:
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"street_address": { "type": "string" },
"city": { "type": "string" },
"state": { "type": "string" }
},
"required": ["street_address", "city", "state"]
}
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我喜欢这个设置有两个原因:
是一个更干净的调用RefResolver.from_schema():
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"billing_address": { "$ref": "definitions.schema.json#" },
"shipping_address": { "$ref": "definitions.schema.json#" }
}
}
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然后,我受益于该库提供的方便工具,为您提供最好的 validator_for模式(根据您的$schema密钥):
base = json.loads(open('base.schema.json').read())
definitions = json.loads(open('definitions.schema.json').read())
schema = json.loads(open('address.schema.json').read())
schema_store = {
base.get('$id','base.schema.json') : base,
definitions.get('$id','definitions.schema.json') : definitions,
schema.get('$id','address.schema.json') : schema,
}
resolver = RefResolver.from_schema(base, store=schema_store)
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然后将它们放在一起实例化validator:
Validator = validator_for(base)
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最后,你validate的数据:
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)validator = Validator(schema, resolver=resolver)
"state": 32:data = {
"shipping_address": {
"street_address": "1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW",
"city": "Washington",
"state": "DC"
},
"billing_address": {
"street_address": "1st Street SE",
"city": "Washington",
"state": 32
}
}
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将其更改
"DC"为并将验证。
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