我想将数据从用Matlab编写的客户端发送到用C编写的服务器。在服务器中读取时,并不是一次读取操作中接收到所有数据,而是分为两次连续读取。
Matlab 代码包含 TCP 服务器的代码,该服务器接收一些数据,然后进行一些处理,然后作为客户端通过 TCP 套接字将处理的输出写入(发送)到 C 中的服务器。
这是用 Matlab 编写的客户端代码。
% A TCP server object defined for getting raw data and processing
% it. The object is called 'TCPServer'. It is not related to the
% problem.
% TCP client for sending the data to the C server
TCPClient = tcpip('192.168.1.2', 8080, 'NetworkRole', 'client');
set(TCPClient,'OutputBufferSize', 1464);
% 1464 is total number of bytes of the struct to be sent
% to the C server.
set(TCPClient,'Timeout', 10);
fopen(TCPClient);
while (1)
while(1) % Waits for incoming CSI data
nBytes = get(TCPServer,'BytesAvailable');
if nBytes >= bufferLen
disp('Data received');
break;
end
end
data = fread(TCPServer,nBytes,'uint8');
flushinput(TCPServer);
% Does some processing and generate 'spec' and 'doas'
% arrays to be sent to the C server
message = [typecast(spec, 'uint8') typecast(doas, 'uint8')];
fwrite(TCPClient, message);
end
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下面是用 C 编写的代码,用于在 Matlab 中服务器接收来自客户端的数据。
#define SA struct sockaddr
struct doa_struct {
double spec[181], doa[2];
};
// Function that reads received data
void func(int sockfd)
{
struct doa_struct *doa_data;
unsigned char buff[1464];
int num_bytes;
// infinite loop receiving data
for (;;) {
bzero(buff, 1464);
// read the data from client and copy it in buffer
num_bytes = read(sockfd, buff, 1464);
// Get the buffer which contains the client contents
doa_data = (struct doa_struct *) buff;
printf("doa: %f\t%f\t%d\n", doa_data->doa[0], doa_data->doa[1], num_bytes);
}
}
// Driver function
int main()
{
int sockfd, connfd, len;
struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cli;
// socket create and verification
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd == -1) {
printf("socket creation failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
printf("Socket successfully created..\n");
bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
// assign IP, PORT
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
servaddr.sin_port = htons(8080);
// Binding newly created socket to given IP and verification
if ((bind(sockfd, (SA*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr))) != 0) {
printf("socket bind failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
printf("Socket successfully binded..\n");
// Now server is ready to listen and verification
if ((listen(sockfd, 5)) != 0) {
printf("Listen failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
printf("Server listening..\n");
len = sizeof(cli);
// Accept the data packet from client and verification
connfd = accept(sockfd, (SA*)&cli, &len);
if (connfd < 0) {
printf("server acccept failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
printf("server acccept the client...\n");
// Function for chatting between client and server
func(connfd);
// After chatting close the socket
close(sockfd);
}
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我在服务器上收到以下结果。
doa: 0.000000 0.000000 1408
doa: 0.000000 0.000000 56
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打印的每一行都有三个值。前两个是接收到的数据,不应为零。read()最后一个数字是服务器中函数接收的字节数。服务器在两行(两次read()操作)中接收到的字节数1464之和是客户端在一次操作中发送的字节数fwrite()。
正确的输出将是如下一行:
doa: 25.000000 45.000000 1464
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通过字节传输接收到的两个非零数据值1464。我还检查了客户端代码。客户端1464通过Matlab中的操作发送(写入)字节fwrite()。
小智 4
read() 调用仅返回您期望的一些数据是完全正常的。发生这种情况是因为在较低级别,网络堆栈将整个数据流分解为多个固定大小的数据包,以便通过线路传输。从 read(2) 手册页中:
返回值...如果该数字小于请求的字节数,则不是错误;例如,这可能会发生,因为现在实际可用的字节数较少(可能是因为我们接近文件结尾,或者因为我们正在从管道或终端读取),或者因为 read() 被信号。
接收网络数据时,您需要不断调用 read() 直到收到预期的字节数。例如,这样的东西(未经测试的代码):
void func(int sockfd)
{
struct doa_struct *doa_data;
int expected_bytes = 1464;
unsigned char buff[expected_bytes];
int num_bytes;
// Read a message
bzero(buff, 1464);
int bytes_read = 0;
while (bytes_read < expected_bytes) {
// read data into buff until we've read all the expected bytes
// NOTE: if the Matlab side sends a malformed message, this could
// hang in this loop forever...for real-world use, you'd need to
// account for those types of scenarios.
num_bytes = read(sockfd, buff + bytes_read, expected_bytes - bytes_read);
if (num_bytes <= 0) {
// handle error cases...
return;
}
bytes_read += num_bytes;
}
// Get the buffer which contains the client contents
doa_data = (struct doa_struct *) buff;
printf("doa: %f\t%f\t%d\n", doa_data->doa[0], doa_data->doa[1], num_bytes);
}
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至于为什么你的输出打印 0 而不是预期值:这可能是因为你的 printf 格式说明符。您的编译器可能需要“%lf”来打印双精度数,而不是“%f”。传统上,双精度数需要“%lf”,双精度数是 64 位值而不是 32 位浮点值。然而,C99 和更高版本的编译器可能会模糊这条界线 - 请参阅此相关的堆栈溢出问题。
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