那些遇到过的问题

glog库(谷歌日志)在stacktrace中打印出`(unknown)`

And*_*zos 10 c++ linux logging glog

glog库正在(unknown)堆栈跟踪中打印某些堆栈帧.

我在Ubuntu上18.04使用标准libgoogle-glog-dev包:

$ cat > t.cc
#include <glog/logging.h>
void h() { LOG(FATAL) << "test"; }
void g() { h(); }
void f() { g(); }
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  google::InitGoogleLogging(argv[0]);
  f();
}
^D
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编译时的上述程序......

$ g++ t.cc -lglog
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......然后跑......

$ ./a.out
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...输出以下内容:

F1219 13:54:46.608317 13408 t.cc:3] test
*** Check failure stack trace: ***
    @     0x7f90ddd970cd  google::LogMessage::Fail()
    @     0x7f90ddd98f33  google::LogMessage::SendToLog()
    @     0x7f90ddd96c28  google::LogMessage::Flush()
    @     0x7f90ddd99999  google::LogMessageFatal::~LogMessageFatal()
    @     0x56279a0a7b30  (unknown)
    @     0x56279a0a7b45  (unknown)
    @     0x56279a0a7b51  (unknown)
    @     0x56279a0a7b77  (unknown)
    @     0x7f90dd632b97  __libc_start_main
    @     0x56279a0a79fa  (unknown)
Aborted (core dumped)
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请参阅使用帧(unknown)-我希望他们阅读main,f,g,h

我试过添加-rdynamic,但我仍然观察到相同的行为:

 $ g++ t.cc -lglog -rdynamic
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我试过添加-g,但我仍然观察到相同的行为:

 $ g++ t.cc -lglog -o t -g -rdynamic
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Dam*_*ian 6

我只是尝试过,它对我有用.
我可以看到h(),g(),f()的结果显示在堆栈跟踪中.

F1219 16:20:16.171772 20931 main.cpp:2] test
*** Check failure stack trace: ***
    @     0x7f951ee03e6d  (unknown)
    @     0x7f951ee05ced  (unknown)
    @     0x7f951ee03a5c  (unknown)
    @     0x7f951ee0663e  (unknown)
    @           0x40089a  h()
    @           0x4008af  g()
    @           0x4008bb  f()
    @           0x4008e1  main
    @     0x7f951e22e3d5  __libc_start_main
    @           0x4007a9  (unknown)

Process finished with exit code 134 (interrupted by signal 6: SIGABRT)
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这是我的CMakeLists.txt文件

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
project(test_glog)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)

include_directories(/usr/include)
link_libraries(glog)
add_executable(test_glog main.cpp)
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当我编译时,它扩展到这个:

我在CentOS 7上并安装了以下库:

yum install glog-devel gflags-devel
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以下是我如何构建它:

[user@cent1 build]$ make VERBOSE=1
/usr/bin/cmake3 -H/home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog -B/home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build --check-build-system CMakeFiles/Makefile.cmake 0
/usr/bin/cmake3 -E cmake_progress_start /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build/CMakeFiles /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build/CMakeFiles/progress.marks
make -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build'
make -f CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/depend
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build'
cd /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build && /usr/bin/cmake3 -E cmake_depends "Unix Makefiles" /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build/CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/DependInfo.cmake --color=
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build'
make -f CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/build
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build'
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/main.cpp.o
/opt/rh/devtoolset-7/root/usr/bin/c++    -std=gnu++14 -o CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/main.cpp.o -c /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/main.cpp
[100%] Linking CXX executable test_glog
/usr/bin/cmake3 -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/opt/rh/devtoolset-7/root/usr/bin/c++     CMakeFiles/test_glog.dir/main.cpp.o  -o test_glog -lglog 
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build'
[100%] Built target test_glog
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build'
/usr/bin/cmake3 -E cmake_progress_start /home/user/CLionProjects/test_glog/build/CMakeFiles 0
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更新:我在vm中安装Debian ubuntu-18.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso并从源代码构建glog.您的示例现在显示:

$ ./a.out 
F0102 23:54:15.603329 10358 t.cc:2] test
*** Check failure stack trace: ***
    @     0x55c930b28d2c  google::LogMessage::Fail()
    @     0x55c930b28c74  google::LogMessage::SendToLog()
    @     0x55c930b285b5  google::LogMessage::Flush()
    @     0x55c930b2be66  google::LogMessageFatal::~LogMessageFatal()
    @     0x55c930b25820  google::thread_msg_data
    @     0x55c930b25835  google::thread_msg_data
    @     0x55c930b25841  google::thread_msg_data
    @     0x55c930b25867  google::thread_msg_data
    @     0x7ff9fbf2eb97  __libc_start_main
    @     0x55c930b256ea  google::thread_msg_data
    @              (nil)  (unknown)
Aborted (core dumped)
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我可以看到我们尝试解决这个问题,所以我建议你用glog打开一个问题. https://github.com/google/glog/pull/347/commits/26459400f49850bda8e736882c6f22c2ce766761

我还尝试直接从命令链接构建它并显示设置.不确定glog库的构建设置是否会产生影响.

$ g++ t.cc -lglog --verbose
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=g++
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/lto-wrapper
OFFLOAD_TARGET_NAMES=nvptx-none
OFFLOAD_TARGET_DEFAULT=1
Target: x86_64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-7/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --with-gcc-major-version-only --program-suffix=-7 --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-vtable-verify --enable-libmpx --enable-plugin --enable-default-pie --with-system-zlib --with-target-system-zlib --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --enable-multilib --with-tune=generic --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --without-cuda-driver --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 7.3.0 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04) 
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-shared-libgcc' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/cc1plus -quiet -v -imultiarch x86_64-linux-gnu -D_GNU_SOURCE t.cc -quiet -dumpbase t.cc -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -auxbase t -version -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Wformat-security -o /tmp/ccoFCYTb.s
GNU C++14 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04) version 7.3.0 (x86_64-linux-gnu)
    compiled by GNU C version 7.3.0, GMP version 6.1.2, MPFR version 4.0.1, MPC version 1.1.0, isl version isl-0.19-GMP

GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/include/x86_64-linux-gnu"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 /usr/include/c++/7
 /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7
 /usr/include/c++/7/backward
 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include
 /usr/local/include
 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include-fixed
 /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu
 /usr/include
End of search list.
GNU C++14 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04) version 7.3.0 (x86_64-linux-gnu)
    compiled by GNU C version 7.3.0, GMP version 6.1.2, MPFR version 4.0.1, MPC version 1.1.0, isl version isl-0.19-GMP

GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
Compiler executable checksum: 1bfae38ae5df64de6196cbd8c3b07d86
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-shared-libgcc' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
 as -v --64 -o /tmp/ccvUzQBB.o /tmp/ccoFCYTb.s
GNU assembler version 2.30 (x86_64-linux-gnu) using BFD version (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.30
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../../lib/:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-shared-libgcc' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/collect2 -plugin /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/ccNEOWk1.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc --sysroot=/ --build-id --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_x86_64 --hash-style=gnu --as-needed -dynamic-linker /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -pie -z now -z relro /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/crtbeginS.o -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7 -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../../lib -L/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -L/lib/../lib -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/lib/../lib -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../.. /tmp/ccvUzQBB.o -lglog -lstdc++ -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/crtendS.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-shared-libgcc' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
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这是运行时的输出:

$ ./a.out 
F0106 12:07:11.753652 28547 t.cc:2] test
*** Check failure stack trace: ***
    @     0x55c500dedd2c  google::LogMessage::Fail()
    @     0x55c500dedc74  google::LogMessage::SendToLog()
    @     0x55c500ded5b5  google::LogMessage::Flush()
    @     0x55c500df0e66  google::LogMessageFatal::~LogMessageFatal()
    @     0x55c500dea820  google::thread_msg_data
    @     0x55c500dea835  google::thread_msg_data
    @     0x55c500dea841  google::thread_msg_data
    @     0x55c500dea867  google::thread_msg_data
    @     0x7f882d938b97  __libc_start_main
    @     0x55c500dea6ea  google::thread_msg_data
    @              (nil)  (unknown)
Aborted (core dumped)
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更新2:glog开发人员Evgeny Prigorodov一直在研究这个问题并确定了问题.我相信这个问题很快就会解决.

所以这是在a93a451之后src/symbolize.cc中发生的事情:

堆栈跟踪中的每一行都在函数SymbolizeAndDemangle()中准备.它计算变量start_address/base_address并调用函数GetSymbolFromObjectFile(),它试图查找对应于给定帧指令指针(pc)的符号.

在v0.3.4中,对GetSymbolFromObjectFile()的调用传递了start_address的值,它是内存区域的起始地址,永远不能为零.GetSymbolFromObjectFile()没有检查start_address的值,只是将它用于两个符号表中的查找.

在v0.3.5中,对GetSymbolFromObjectFile()的调用开始传递base_address的值.如果在第一个存储区域内找到帧程序计数器并且已经用零偏移映射了可执行映像,则该值可以变为零.这似乎是一种常见的情况.

GetSymbolFromObjectFile()中的另一个变化是添加了符号偏移调整的代码和新的检查:如果在所有调整之后symbol_offset等于零,则函数返回失败值,意味着"未找到符号".由于symbol_offset变量是从base_address计算的,因此该条件变得非常可能.

详情请见

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