快速将 json 解码为通用数组或类

nas*_*avi 3 generics json decode response swift

如何在 swift 中将 json 解码为通用模型?
在java中解码json我使用GSON,一般来说我使用并不重要。在<T<E>> or ArrayList<E>swift中数组是一个结构体并且不能继承并且它没有实现Decodable。

我正在寻找一个通用的优雅类来在我的所有网络服务中使用。

我的场景:
我有 json 响应

{
"status": true,
"message": "",
"code": 200,
"response": [{
    "id": 43
}]
}
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以及来自 Web 服务的通用响应模型:

class GeneralResponse< T : Decodable >:NSObject,Decodable{

    var status = false
    var message = ""
    var code = -1
    var response : T?

    private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case status
        case message
        case code
        case response
    }

    required public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws{
        let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
        status = try container.decode(Bool.self, forKey: .status)
        message = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .message)
        code = try container.decode(Int.self, forKey: .code)
        response = try container.decode(T.self, forKey: .response)
    }

}
class ItemDemoModel:Decodable {
     var id = -1
    private enum ItemDemModelCodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
        case id
    }
     required init(from decoder:Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: ItemDemModelCodingKeys.self)
        id = try container.decode(Int.self, forKey: .id)
    }
}
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响应变量可以是 ItemDemoModel 或 ItemDemoModel 数组。
例如:
它可以是GeneralResponse<Array<ItemDemoModel>>>GeneralResponse<ItemDemoModel>>

谢谢。

Kam*_*ran 5

如果您声明一个Decodable与键同名的属性,那么json您实际上不需要enum定义Coding键和初始化程序来手动将每个属性与键映射。

此外,除非您有特定的用例,否则无需从NSObjectin继承。Swift看看声明,似乎没有必要,所以你GeneralResponse可以像这样简单地重新声明,

class GeneralResponse<T: Decodable>: Decodable {

    var code: Int
    var status: Bool
    var message: String?
    var response : T?
}
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同样,ItemDemoModel可以声明为这样,

class ItemDemoModel: Decodable {
     var id: Int
}
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现在您可以如下设置您的服务来获取GeneralResponse<T>任何请求,

struct RequestObject {
    var method: String
    var path: String
    var params: [String: Any]
}

class WebService {

    private let decoder: JSONDecoder

    public init(_ decoder: JSONDecoder = JSONDecoder()) {
        self.decoder = decoder
    }

    public func decoded<T: Decodable>(_ objectType: T.Type,
                                      with request: RequestObject,
                                      completion: @escaping  (GeneralResponse<T>?, Error?) -> Void)  {
        // Here you should get data from the network call. 
        // For compilation, we can create an empty object.
        let data = Data()

        // Now parsing
        do {
            let response  = try self.decoder.decode(GeneralResponse<T>.self, from: data)
            completion(response, nil)
        } catch {
            completion(nil, error)
        }
    }
}
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用法

let request = RequestObject(method: "GET", path: "https://url.com", params: [:])
WebService().decoded([ItemDemoModel].self, with: request) { (response, error) in
    if let items = response?.response {
        print(items)
    }
}
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附注;您必须用于声明数组和字典,如下所示,

let array: Array<SomeType>
let dictionary: Dictionary<String: SomeType>
let arrayOfDictionary: Array<Dictionary<String: SomeType>>
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但是通过Swift的类型推断,您可以像下面这样简单地声明 anarray和 a ,dictionary

let array: [SomeType]
let dictionary: [String: SomeType]
let arrayOfDictionary: [[String: SomeType]]
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