托管服务中的访问上下文

shi*_*iqo 3 c# service scope dbcontext asp.net-core

我需要从这个类访问上下文,以便我可以从数据库中检查一些数据,但我不知道如何将它传输到下面的服务:

internal class TimedHostedService : IHostedService, IDisposable
{
    private readonly ILogger _logger;
    private Timer _timer;



    public TimedHostedService(ILogger<TimedHostedService> logger) //context ?
    {

        _logger = logger; 


    }

    public Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        _logger.LogInformation("Timed Background Service is starting.");

        _timer = new Timer(DoWork, null, TimeSpan.Zero,
            TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60));

        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }

    private void DoWork(object state)
    {
        _logger.LogInformation("Atualização automática");


    }

    public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        _logger.LogInformation("Timed Background Service is stopping.");

        _timer?.Change(Timeout.Infinite, 0);

        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        _timer?.Dispose();
    }
}
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启动文件:

namespace Products
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {

            services.AddCors(o => o.AddPolicy("AllowAllOrigins", builder =>
            {
                builder.AllowAnyMethod()
                    .AllowAnyHeader()
                    .AllowAnyOrigin();
            }));

            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);

            services.AddDbContext<Context>(options =>
                    options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("LaprDB")));
            services.AddDbContext<ContextUsers>(options =>
                    options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("MyDbConnection")));

            services.AddHostedService<TimedHostedService>();

        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseHsts();
            }

            app.UseCors("AllowAllOrigins");
            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseMvc();

        }
    }
}
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我用范围工厂搜索了一些解决方案,但我无法理解其中任何一个。有人可以解释我如何将上下文转移到 TimedHostedService 吗?如果您需要更多信息,请告诉我。

Gab*_*uci 11

托管服务是一个单例,这意味着在应用程序的生命周期中只存在该类的一个实例。

上下文是有范围的,这意味着它的生命周期很短(仅适用于特定的“范围”,例如单个 HTTP 请求)。它不擅长无限期地保持活动状态(例如,涉及数据库连接,您无法保证在应用程序的整个生命周期内都保持打开状态)。

如果您将 Context 注入另一个类,则 Context 将在该类的实例的生命周期内存在。对于单例类,这就是应用程序的生命周期。所以这就是为什么你会得到你所做的例外。.NET Core 告诉你:“这不会像你认为的那样工作”

解决方案在这里:https : //stackoverflow.com/a/48368934/1202807

简而言之,注入一个IServiceScopeFactory,它使您能够在需要时要求 DI 引擎为您提供一个作用域类,然后您可以只在需要时保留

private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _scopeFactory;

public TimedHostedService(ILogger<TimedHostedService> logger, IServiceScopeFactory scopeFactory)
{
    _logger = logger; 
    _scopeFactory = scopeFactory;
}
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然后你会得到这样的上下文:

using (var scope = scopeFactory.CreateScope())
{
    var context = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<Context>();
    //do what you need
}//scope (and context) gets destroyed here
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旧答案(这里是错误的,但适用于其他类型的类):

只要把它放在你的构造函数中,它就会被依赖注入注入

public TimedHostedService(ILogger<TimedHostedService> logger, Context context)
{
    _logger = logger; 
    _context = context;
}
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正是services.AddDbContext()这些行使它们可用于依赖注入。只需选择您想要的类型,因为您已经定义了两个:

services.AddDbContext<Context>(options =>
    options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("LaprDB")));
services.AddDbContext<ContextUsers>(options =>
    options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("MyDbConnection")));
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