如何在 Kotlin DSL 中为多模块项目创建“基础”gradle 文件？

Question

为了重用 gradle 文件中的代码，我通常有一个用于某些模块的“基本”gradle 文件，只需应用它们并添加它可能需要的任何新依赖项。我正在将所有 gradle 文件转换为新的 Kotlin DSL，但使用以下“基本”文件时出现关键字“未解析的引用”错误。

plugins {
    id("com.android.library")
    kotlin("kotlin.android")
    kotlin("kapt")
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion(App.compileSdk)
    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion(App.minSdk)
        targetSdkVersion(App.targetSdk)
        versionCode = App.versionCode
        versionName = App.versionName
        testInstrumentationRunner = "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        getByName("release") {
            isMinifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles(getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro")
        }
    }

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
}

dependencies {
    val implementation by configurations
    val testImplementation by configurations
    val androidTestImplementation by configurations

    implementation(fileTree(mapOf("dir" to "libs", "include" to listOf("*.jar"))))
    implementation(Libs.kotlin_stdlib_jdk8)
    implementation(Libs.appcompat_v7)
    testImplementation(Libs.junit)
    androidTestImplementation(Libs.com_android_support_test_runner)
    androidTestImplementation(Libs.espresso_core)
}

上面的文件在我的根项目中，我只是在功能模块中使用以下内容

apply(rootProject.file("base-android.gradle.kts"))

这在 Groovy 中运行良好，但在转移到 Kotlin 时完全中断，关于我做错了什么或如何在 Kotlin DSL 中正确拥有“基本”gradle 文件的任何想法？

编辑：添加完整的错误消息

Script compilation errors:

  Line 10: android {
           ^ Unresolved reference: android

  Line 11:     compileSdkVersion(28)
               ^ Unresolved reference: compileSdkVersion

  Line 12:     defaultConfig {
               ^ Unresolved reference: defaultConfig

  Line 13:         minSdkVersion(21)
                   ^ Unresolved reference: minSdkVersion

  Line 14:         targetSdkVersion(28)
                   ^ Unresolved reference: targetSdkVersion

  Line 15:         versionCode = 1
                   ^ Unresolved reference: versionCode

  Line 16:         versionName = "1.0"
                   ^ Unresolved reference: versionName

  Line 17:         testInstrumentationRunner = "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
                   ^ Unresolved reference: testInstrumentationRunner

  Line 20:     buildTypes {
               ^ Unresolved reference: buildTypes

  Line 21:         getByName("release") {
                   ^ Unresolved reference. None of the following candidates is applicable because of receiver type mismatch: 
                       public inline fun <reified T : Any> NamedDomainObjectCollection<out Any>.getByName(name: String): TypeVariable(T) defined in org.gradle.kotlin.dsl
                       public inline fun <reified T : Any> NamedDomainObjectCollection<out Any>.getByName(name: String, configure: TypeVariable(T).() -> Unit): TypeVariable(T) defined in org.gradle.kotlin.dsl
                       public fun <T : Any> NamedDomainObjectCollection<out Any>.getByName(name: String, type: KClass<TypeVariable(T)>): TypeVariable(T) defined in org.gradle.kotlin.dsl
                       public fun <T : Any> NamedDomainObjectCollection<out Any>.getByName(name: String, type: KClass<TypeVariable(T)>, configure: TypeVariable(T).() -> Unit): TypeVariable(T) defined in org.gradle.kotlin.dsl
                       public inline fun <reified T : Any> ExtensionContainer.getByName(name: String): TypeVariable(T) defined in org.gradle.kotlin.dsl

  Line 22:             isMinifyEnabled = false
                       ^ Unresolved reference: isMinifyEnabled

  Line 23:             proguardFiles(getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro")
                       ^ Unresolved reference: proguardFiles

  Line 23:             proguardFiles(getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro")
                                     ^ Unresolved reference: getDefaultProguardFile

  Line 27:     compileOptions {
               ^ Unresolved reference: compileOptions

  Line 28:         sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
                   ^ Unresolved reference: sourceCompatibility

  Line 29:         targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
                   ^ Unresolved reference: targetCompatibility

16 errors

Answer 1

我们在大型构建中的多个项目之间共享大量构建逻辑。共享构建逻辑包含Java 项目的配置、测试设置（例如“ci 测试”的扩展）和存储库配置。

我们首先像您的示例一样应用基本配置文件，但转向预编译脚本插件。使用预编译的脚本插件，您可以将共享构建逻辑移动到buildScr文件夹内的小型 gradle 插件中。在每个项目中，您都可以应用您的插件。在我们的项目中，这可以避免在文件中应用其他文件时出现的问题build.gradle.kts。

该文档提供了示例，并进一步gradle init生成了用于共享构建逻辑的“约定插件”。