moc*_*llo 5 python installation include text-files setup.py
我创建了一个看起来像这样的 python 包:
/command
/command
module.py
__main__.py
README.md
setup.py
file.txt
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
要安装我运行:
sudo python setup.py install
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
现在当我打电话
$ command
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
它显示此错误:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '../file.txt'
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
大约有模块setup.py,__main__.py和module.py 的内容
设置文件
import setuptools
setuptools.setup(
name='command',
...
entry_points={
'console_scripts': [
'command = command.__main__:main'
]
}
)
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
__main__.py
from . import module
def main():
module.run('arg')
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
模块.py
import shutil
# copy file.txt from command project into the directory where it is running
def run(arg):
shutil.copyfile('../file.txt', './file.txt')
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
通过以下方式安装此包后:
sudo python setup.py install
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
并在命令行调用程序
$ command
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
我收到以下错误
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '../file.txt'
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
如何查看和使用属于已安装包的文件,但我在运行该程序的环境中使用它?
编辑:
因此,经过大量研究,我找到了解决方案以及它的工作原理。这有点令人困惑,其他stackoverflow的答案都没有那么解释。我想在这里试试:
我制作了一个示例项目,仅用于演示和测试解决方案。我提出了两种解决方案:一种使用setup() 函数的data_files参数,另一种使用我最喜欢的package_data参数。
安装后使用它运行
proj init <some-name>
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
但简而言之,每种方法都有最重要的模块。
使用data_files = ARGUMENT 方法:
项目结构:
project_initializer
project_initializer
__init__.py
__main__.py
init.py
README.md
setup.py
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
在setup.py 中
import setuptools
import os
import sys
PROJECT_NAME = "project_initializer"
DATA_DIR = os.path.join(
sys.prefix, "local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages", PROJECT_NAME)
setuptools.setup(
name='project_initializer',
version='0.1.0',
packages=setuptools.find_packages(),
install_requires=[
'docopt'
],
data_files=[ # is the important part
(DATA_DIR, [
"README.md",
".gitignore"
])
],
entry_points={
'console_scripts': [
'proj = project_initializer.__main__:main'
]
}
)
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
在init.py 中
import subprocess
import os
import shutil
import sys
"""Create a new project and initialize it with a .gitignore file
@params project: name of a project to be initialized
effects:
/project
README.md
README.md in the created project directory must be the same as the README.md in THIS directory
"""
PROJECT_NAME = "project_initializer"
DATA_DIR = os.path.join(
sys.prefix, "local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages", PROJECT_NAME)
def run(project):
os.mkdir(project)
shutil.copyfile(os.path.join(DATA_DIR, "README.md"),
f"{project}/README.md") # problem solved
if __name__ == '__main__':
run("hello-world")
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
使用package_data= ARGUMENT METHOD(我更喜欢)
项目结构:
project_initializer
project_initializer
data/
README.md # the file we want to copy
__init__.py
__main__.py
init.py
README.md
setup.py
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
在setup.py 中
import setuptools
setuptools.setup(
name='project_initializer',
version='0.1.0',
packages=setuptools.find_packages(),
package_dir={'project_initializer': 'project_initializer'}, # are the ...
package_data={'project_initializer': [ # ... important parameters
'data/README.md', 'data/.gitignore']},
install_requires=[
'docopt'
],
entry_points={
'console_scripts': [
'proj = project_initializer.__main__:main'
]
}
)
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
在init.py 中
import subprocess
import os
import shutil
import sys
PROJECT_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
"""Create a new project and initialize it with a .gitignore file
@params project: name of a project to be initialized
effects:
/project
.gitignore
.gitignore in the created project directory must be the same as the gitignore in THIS directory
"""
def run(project):
os.mkdir(project)
shutil.copyfile(os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, 'data/README.md'),
f"{project}/README.md") # problem solved
if __name__ == '__main__':
run("hello-world")
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
我更喜欢最后一种方法的原因是因为您不必在 setup.py 模块中导入任何内容,这可能是一种不好的做法。我想 setup.py 文件中不应导入任何内容,因为它是主包的外部文件。
有关两个参数之间的区别的更详细说明,请查看 python 文档