使用单元测试项目中定义的启动类时，.NET Core TestServer返回404

Question

我有一个基本的.net核心api网络应用程序和一个使用TestServer发出http请求的单元测试项目。

我有一个TestStartup类，该类将api项目中的Startup类子类化。

如果Startup类在单元测试项目中，则得到404响应。如果将TestStartup类移至api项目，则会收到200条响应。

Api项目

蜜蜂

<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />

Program.cs

public class Program
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        CreateWebHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
    }

    public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
        WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
            .UseStartup<Startup>();
}

启动文件

public class Startup
{
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddMvcCore();
    }

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
    {
        app.UseMvc();
    }
}

TestController.cs

public class TestController : ControllerBase
{
    [HttpGet("test")]
    public ObjectResult Get()
    {
        return Ok("data");
    }
}

单元测试项目

Tests.csproj

<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" Version="2.1.1" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing" Version="2.1.2" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.TestHost" Version="2.1.1" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.PlatformAbstractions" Version="1.1.0" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="15.8.0" />
<PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.10.1" />
<PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="3.10.0" />

Tests.cs

[TestFixture]
public class Tests
{
    [Test]
    public async Task Test()
    {
        var server = new TestServer(WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder()
            .UseStartup<TestStartup>()
            .UseEnvironment("Development"));

        var response = await server.CreateClient().GetAsync("test");
    }
}

启动文件

public class TestStartup : Startup
{ }

Answer 1

如果有人遇到这种针对 ASP.NET Core 3.0或3.1 的情况，请不要忘记将测试项目 SDK 更改为Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web，即

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

根据测试应用程序先决条件。

Answer 2

您可以尝试以下两种选择：

• 添加AddApplicationPart到Startup.cs

  namespace IntegrationTestMVC
  {
  public class Startup
  {         
  
      // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
      public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
      {   
         services.AddMvc().AddApplicationPart(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("IntegrationTestMVC"))); //"IntegrationTestMVC" is your original project name
      }
  

• 尝试转换TestFixture为IClassFixture

      public class IntegrationTestMVCUnitTest : IClassFixture<WebApplicationFactory<TestStartup>>
  {
      private readonly HttpClient _client;
      private readonly WebApplicationFactory<TestStartup> _factory;
  
      public IntegrationTestMVCUnitTest(WebApplicationFactory<TestStartup> factory)
      {
  
          _factory = factory;
          _client = factory.CreateClient();
      }
  
      [Fact]
      public async Task IndexRendersCorrectTitle()
      {
          var response = await _client.GetAsync(@"/test");
      }
  
  }
  

对于第二个选项，您可以参考ASP.NET Core中的集成测试。

Answer 3

Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing按照aspnetcore-2.2#test-app-prerequisities中的说明添加对包含测试的项目文件的引用解决了我的问题。