1 apache perl debian cgi timestamp
我有一个perl cgi脚本,在FreeBSD 5.4 Apache 1.3网络服务器上使用了很多年,没有任何问题.这是当天脚本的图片,它随机选择给定目录中的图片以包含在服务器端包含的shtml页面中
<!--#exec cgi="/cgi-bin/pod/pod.cgi"-->
我最近迁移到了Google云平台上的新服务器 - Debian 9(Stretch),Apache 2.4.剧本破了.在设置服务器配置以正确执行cgi perl脚本并以ASCII重新上载脚本之后,脚本再次开始工作,但现在出现了异常行为.而不是整天显示一个图像(同一图像),然后在午夜更改图像(所需的行为),它现在每次在Web浏览器中重新加载页面时都会更改图像.
该脚本使用平面文件日志来跟踪源目录中已使用的图像,并且在使用目标目录中的所有图像(登录pod.log)之前不会重复显示任何图像.正常工作时,它将每天显示一个新图像(午夜更改),对于所有用户,无论页面是否重新加载,都将保持相同,直到下午午夜.
权限已全部设置在脚本注释中指定的必要文件上.该脚本已经以ASCII格式上传到服务器(如果以二进制格式上传,则根本不起作用).该脚本显示正确目录中的图像.但是.....每次刷新页面时,都会加载一个新图像并将其记录到pod.log文件中.
One thing that I thought might be affecting the script was where it was getting the time for the date/time function of the script. When I entered the "date" command from the debian command prompt the server returned the correct time that I had configured the server to - America/Los_Angeles. But I noticed that when files on my webserver were touched or changed, it was time-stamping them with UTC time, which is 8 hours later. Thinking that Apache might be causing the different time-stamp, I tried changing the time-zone in php.ini for apache2. This didn't seem to change anything (after apache2ctl restart), so I thought, maybe I'll change the server timezone to UTC. If you can't beat 'em, join 'em. Right? Well that made it so the "date" command from the debian command line returned the time in UTC. Also noted: files on the webserver were still time-stamping with UTC time zone. All was looking good! But then I checked the time that was being used by perl/cgi with this little gem, which returns the date and time in a human-readable format...
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
@months = qw(Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec);
@weekDays = qw(Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun);
($second, $minute, $hour, $dayOfMonth, $month, $yearOffset, $dayOfWeek, $dayOfYear, $daylightSavings) = localtime();
$year = 1900 + $yearOffset;
$theTime = "$hour:$minute:$second, $weekDays[$dayOfWeek] $months[$month] $dayOfMonth, $year";
print $theTime;
...这个脚本在时区America/Los_Angeles返回时间,而不是UTC.现在我不知道这种差异是否可能导致我日常剧本中的错误.但我的猜测,凭借我非常有限的经验告诉我,这至少是可能的.但是我已经对脚本进行了调试/故障排除,就我的技术能力而言.
我需要知道:
接下来,我将提供脚本和我的apache配置文件的源代码.EXAMPLE.COM应该被您的域名替换,无论它出现在哪里,文件路径应该调整到您的位置.
#!/usr/bin/perl
##############################################################
# POD (Picture of the Day) Version 1.30
##############################################################
package VAR;
use strict;
##############################################################
# Installation
##############################################################
# 1. Edit path to Perl at top of script (pod.cgi) if it
# differs on your server. Usual and default path it
# [/usr/bin/perl]. However, on some servers it may be
# /usr/local/bin/perl. If in doubt, then refer to a script on
# your server that does work, or ask your web host. Edit
# variables below. Ensure you edit (and save) the script using
# an ASCII editor like Notepad.
#
# 2. Via FTP, create directory on server in CGI-BIN called
# pod. No need to CHMOD - you can leave set to server
# default directory permissions.
#
# 3. Via FTP, create subdirectory in 'pod' directory
# called data and CHMOD 777 (drwxrwxrwx).
#
# 4. FTP upload the pod.cgi script to the 'pod'
# directory in ASCII (text) and CHMOD 755 (rwxr-xr-x). You may
# need to rename the scripts with the .pl extension if your
# server uses the .pl extension for CGI-Perl scripts.
#
# images/ 755 (drwxr-xr-x)
# cgi-bin/pod/
# pod.cgi 755 (rwxr-xr-x)
# data/ 777 (drwxrwxrwx)
#
##############################################################
# Operation
##############################################################
#
# METHOD 1: SSI Method
# ====================
# Call the script via SSI (Server-Side Includes). The image
# is embedded in the page. Insert the following SSI tag in
# the desired page:
#
# <!--#exec cgi="/cgi-bin/pod/pod.cgi"-->
#
# In either case, ensure to replace the cgi-bin/pod/ portion
# of the SSI tag with your path to the script.
#
# If you get the [an error occurred while processing this
# directive] error message or no image / message displays,
# make sure (a) the path to Perl is correct, (b) the script
# was uploaded in ASCII, (c) the script is chmod 755
# (rwxr-xr-x) and (d) the path to the script in the SSI tag
# is correct - if in doubt, then ask your web host. If still
# problematic then try the following:
#
# 1. On most servers, the page with a SSI tag must be named
# with the SHTML extension in order for the server to parse
# and execute the SSI tag. Check the page source. If you
# still see the SSI tag, then it was not parsed. Try
# renaming the page with the SHTML extension. If the SSI tag
# is still not parsed (and still visible), then SSI may not
# be enabled on your server - ask your web host.
#
# 2. Try calling the script directly from the browser. If
# you get a server 500 error, then check your server error
# logs.
#
# 3. You can also try the following SSI tag:
#
# <!--#include virtual="/cgi-bin/pod/pod.cgi"-->
#
# METHOD 1: Non-SSI Method
# ====================
# You can also call the script directly from the browser:
#
# http://www.yourdomain.com/cgi-bin/pod/pod.cgi
#
# The image is NOT embedded, but is instead displayed in a
# script generated HTML page.
##############################################################
# Configuration
##############################################################
# Full (absolute) server directory path of directory holding
# image files for the POD script to draw from. Create this
# directory in advance and upload images (in Binary) to this
# directory. No need to chmod. NO trailing slash at end of
# path.
$VAR::image_dir = "/var/www/EXAMPLE.COM/httpdocs/pod";
# URL of directory holding image files for the POD script to
# draw from. NO trailing slash at end of URL.
$VAR::image_url = "http://www.EXAMPLE.COM/pod";
# Full (absolute) server directory path for script data files
# (pod.log, pod.err). Create this directory in advance and
# chmod (777 or drwxrwxrwx). NO trailing slash at end of path.
$VAR::data_dir = "/var/www/EXAMPLE.COM/httpdocs/pod/data";
# Output template - how POD image (or error message) is
# displayed. Feel free to change the HTML but (1) the MS link
# back MUST be retained and (2) the <%image%> tag MUST be
# retained as the tag is replaced with the image (or error
# message) HTML code.
$VAR::template = qq~
<center>
<table border="1">
<th>
<%image%>
</th>
</table>
</center>
~;
##########################################################################
# Do NOT change or alter the code below!
##########################################################################
eval {
($0 =~ m,(.*)/[^/]+,) && unshift (@INC, "$1");
require 5.004;
};
if ($@) {
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
print "Server Error Message: $@\n";
exit;
}
eval { &main; };
if ($@) { &error ("[Error 01]: $@"); }
exit;
###############################################
# Main
###############################################
sub main {
my ($time, $date) = &get_time_stamp();
my $num;
if (-e "$VAR::data_dir/pod.log") {
open (LOG, "$VAR::data_dir/pod.log") ||
&error ("Error [02]: Cannot open pod.log file - $!");
my @entries = <LOG>;
close (LOG);
chomp (@entries);
my @match = grep (/^$date/, @entries);
if (@match) {
foreach (@match) {
split (/\|/);
if ($_[0] eq $date) {
$num = $_[1];
last;
}
}
}
}
opendir (DIR, "$VAR::image_dir") || &error ("Error [03]: Cannot open $VAR::image - $!");
my @files = sort (grep { m/.*\.gif|.jpg/ } readdir (DIR));
closedir (DIR);
if ($num eq "") { $num = int (rand @files); }
my $image = @files[$num];
if (! -e "$VAR::image_dir/$image") { &error ("Error [04]: Cannot find image file [$image]"); }
my $tag = "<img src=\"$VAR::image_url/$image\">";
$VAR::template =~ s/<%image%>/$tag/gis;
print $VAR::template;
my ($found, $newfile);
if (-e "$VAR::data_dir/pod.log") {
open (LOG, "$VAR::data_dir/pod.log") ||
&error ("Error [05]: Cannot open pod.log file - $!");
my @entries = <LOG>;
close (LOG);
chomp (@entries);
foreach (@entries) {
split (/\|/);
if ($_[0] eq $date) {
$_[2]++;
$newfile .= "$date|$_[1]|$_[2]|$_[3]\n";
$found++;
}
else { $newfile .= "$_\n"; }
}
if (! $found) { $newfile .= "$date|$num|1|$image\n"; }
open (LOG, ">$VAR::data_dir/pod.log") ||
&error ("Error [06]: Cannot open pod.log file - $!");
flock (LOG, 2) || &error ("Error [07]: Cannot lock pod.log file - $!");
print LOG $newfile;
close (LOG);
}
else {
open (LOG, ">$VAR::data_dir/pod.log") ||
&error ("Error [08]: Cannot open pod.log file - $!");
print LOG "$date|$num|1|$image\n";
close (LOG);
chmod (0666, "$VAR::data_dir/pod.log") ||
&error ("Error [09]: Cannot chmod pod.log file - $!");
}
}
###############################################
# Get Time Stamp
###############################################
sub get_time_stamp {
my (@tb) = localtime (time);
my ($ap) = "am";
$tb[4]++;
for (0..4) { $tb[$_] = sprintf ("%02d", $tb[$_]); }
$tb[5] += 1900;
$ap = "pm" if ($tb[2] >= 12);
$tb[2] -= 12 if ($tb[2] > 12);
my $date = "$tb[4]/$tb[3]/$tb[5]";
return ("$tb[2]:$tb[1]:$tb[0]$ap $date", $date);
}
###############################################
# Error Handler
###############################################
sub error {
my $error = shift;
my ($time, $date) = &get_time_stamp();
my $tag = "Cannot display image";
$VAR::template =~ s/<%image%>/$tag/gis;
print $VAR::template;
open (ERR, ">>$VAR::data_dir/pod.err");
print ERR "$time | $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'} | $error\n";
close (ERR);
chmod (0666, "$VAR::data_dir/pod.err");
exit;
}
########################################
#end of Picture of the Day script
########################################
这是我的apache2.conf(再次,我将域名更改为EXAMPLE.COM,无论我的域名出现在何处......
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about
# the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific
# hints.
#
#
# Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian:
# The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to
# upstream's suggested way to configure the web server. This is because Debian's
# default Apache2 installation attempts to make adding and removing modules,
# virtual hosts, and extra configuration directives as flexible as possible, in
# order to make automating the changes and administering the server as easy as
# possible.
# It is split into several files forming the configuration hierarchy outlined
# below, all located in the /etc/apache2/ directory:
#
# /etc/apache2/
# |-- apache2.conf
# | `-- ports.conf
# |-- mods-enabled
# | |-- *.load
# | `-- *.conf
# |-- conf-enabled
# | `-- *.conf
# `-- sites-enabled
# `-- *.conf
#
#
# * apache2.conf is the main configuration file (this file). It puts the pieces
# together by including all remaining configuration files when starting up the
# web server.
#
# * ports.conf is always included from the main configuration file. It is
# supposed to determine listening ports for incoming connections which can be
# customized anytime.
#
# * Configuration files in the mods-enabled/, conf-enabled/ and sites-enabled/
# directories contain particular configuration snippets which manage modules,
# global configuration fragments, or virtual host configurations,
# respectively.
#
# They are activated by symlinking available configuration files from their
# respective *-available/ counterparts. These should be managed by using our
# helpers a2enmod/a2dismod, a2ensite/a2dissite and a2enconf/a2disconf. See
# their respective man pages for detailed information.
#
# * The binary is called apache2. Due to the use of environment variables, in
# the default configuration, apache2 needs to be started/stopped with
# /etc/init.d/apache2 or apache2ctl. Calling /usr/bin/apache2 directly will not
# work with the default configuration.
# Global configuration
#
#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)
# mounted filesystem then please read the Mutex documentation (available
# at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#mutex>);
# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.
#
# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.
#
#ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"
# Set timezone for apache
SetEnv TZ America/Los_Angeles
#
# The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.
#
Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default
#
# The directory where shm and other runtime files will be stored.
#
DefaultRuntimeDir ${APACHE_RUN_DIR}
#
# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
# identification number when it starts.
# This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
#
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}
#
# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
#
Timeout 300
#
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
#
KeepAlive On
#
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
#
MaxKeepAliveRequests 500
#
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
#
KeepAliveTimeout 5
# These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}
#
# HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses
# e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).
# The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people
# had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that
# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the
# nameserver.
#
HostnameLookups Off
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
#
# LogLevel: Control the severity of messages logged to the error_log.
# Available values: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the log level for particular modules, e.g.
# "LogLevel info ssl:warn"
#
LogLevel warn
# Include module configuration:
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf
# Include list of ports to listen on
Include ports.conf
# Sets the default security model of the Apache2 HTTPD server. It does
# not allow access to the root filesystem outside of /usr/share and /var/www.
# The former is used by web applications packaged in Debian,
# the latter may be used for local directories served by the web server. If
# your system is serving content from a sub-directory in /srv you must allow
# access here, or in any related virtual host.
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all denied
</Directory>
<Directory /usr/share>
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
#<Directory /srv/>
# Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
# AllowOverride None
# Require all granted
#</Directory>
# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
# for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride
# directive.
#
AccessFileName .htaccess
#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
Require all denied
</FilesMatch>
#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive.
#
# These deviate from the Common Log Format definitions in that they use %O
# (the actual bytes sent including headers) instead of %b (the size of the
# requested file), because the latter makes it impossible to detect partial
# requests.
#
# Note that the use of %{X-Forwarded-For}i instead of %h is not recommended.
# Use mod_remoteip instead.
#
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see README.Debian for details.
# Include generic snippets of statements
IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf
# Include the virtual host configurations:
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
这是我虚拟主机的配置......
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName EXAMPLE.com
ServerAlias www.EXAMPLE.com
UseCanonicalName Off
ServerAlias EXAMPLE1.com
ServerAlias www.EXAMPLE1.com
ServerAlias EXAMPLE2.com
ServerAlias www.EXAMPLE2.com
ServerAlias EXAMPLE.co.uk
ServerAlias www.EXAMPLE.co.uk
ServerAlias EXAMPLE.net
ServerAlias www.EXAMPLE.net
ServerAlias EXAMPLE3.com
ServerAlias www.EXAMPLE3.com
ServerAdmin EXAMPLEd@gmail.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/EXAMPLE.com/httpdocs
<Directory /var/www/EXAMPLE.com/httpdocs>
Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
ScriptAlias "/cgi-bin/" "/var/www/EXAMPLE.com/cgi-bin/"
#<Directory "/var/www/EXAMPLE.com/cgi-bin/">
# Options +ExecCGI
# AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# AllowOverride All
#</Directory>
#<Directory "/var/www/EXAMPLE.com/httpdocs/members/cgi-bin">
# Options +ExecCGI
# AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# AllowOverride All
#</Directory>
#<Directory "/var/www/EXAMPLE.com/httpdocs/pod">
# Options +ExecCGI
# AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# AllowOverride All
#</Directory>
Alias "/passwd/" "/var/www/EXAMPLE.com/passwd/"
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
SSLEngine off
</IfModule>
<Directory /var/www/EXAMPLE.com>
Options +ExecCGI +FollowSymLinks +Includes
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/EXAMPLE.com>
<IfModule sapi_apache2.c>
php_admin_flag engine on
php_admin_flag safe_mode on
php_admin_value open_basedir "/var/www/EXAMPLE.com/httpdocs:/tmp"
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
php_admin_flag engine on
php_admin_flag safe_mode on
php_admin_value open_basedir "/var/www/EXAMPLE.com/httpdocs:/tmp"
</IfModule>
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/EXAMPLE.com>
RewriteEngine on
# the following section prevents outside sites from hot-linking photos
# leave this next line in allow empty referrers, remove to disallow empty referrers
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(.*@)?([a-z0-9-]+\.)*XX\.XXX\.XXX\.XXX(:[0-9]+)?(/.*)?$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(.*@)?([a-z0-9-]+\.)*EXAMPLE\.com(:[0-9]+)?(/.*)?$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(.*@)?([a-z0-9-]+\.)*EXAMPLE\.org(:[0-9]+)?(/.*)?$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(.*@)?([a-z0-9-]+\.)*EXAMPLE\.net(:[0-9]+)?(/.*)?$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(.*@)?([a-z0-9-]+\.)*EXAMPLE\.co.uk(:[0-9]+)?(/.*)?$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(.*@)?([a-z0-9-]+\.)*EXAMPLE\.de(:[0-9]+)?(/.*)?$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(.*@)?1\.2\.3\.4(:[0-9]+)?(/.*)?$
RewriteRule .*\.(gif|jpeg|jpg)$ - [NC,F,L]
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/EXAMPLE.com-error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/EXAMPLE.com-access.log combined
# sends 404-not-found errors to error page
ErrorDocument 404 /404-error-page.html
# makes server side includes work on all html pages
AddType text/html .shtml .html .htm
AddHandler server-parsed .shtml .html .htm
RewriteEngine On
# If the hostname is NOT www.domain.com
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.EXAMPLE\.com$
# 301 redirect to the same resource on www.EXAMPLE.com
# RewriteRule (.*) http://www.EXAMPLE.com$1 [L,R=301]
# sets the web surfer's browser to cache images, style sheets, and JavaScript for a week
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
# WEEK
<FilesMatch "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|swf|js|css)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public"
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
</VirtualHost>
任何人都可以给我的任何帮助将不胜感激!你们所做的一切都是为了帮助像我这样的其他初出茅庐的程序员.谢谢你,谢谢你,谢谢你.
在Perl 5.12之前,在void上下文中调用时split将其结果存储起来@_.这是一种可怕的做法,因此在5.12中删除了"功能",并添加了警告(Useless use of split in void context).
我怀疑你使用的是比以前使用的更新版本的Perl,其中一个split在void上下文中没有特别表现.如果是这种情况,您应该收到警告.一直用use strict; use warnings qw( all );!
要解决此问题,请替换
split (/\|/);
同
@_ = split (/\|/);
(你应该使用不同的数组@_,但以上是最小的变化.)
你似乎花了很多时间在这上面,但没有花时间试图调试问题!你做的第一件事是添加缺失use warnings qw( all );,这将立即识别问题.即使没有这个,最小的工作应该把问题缩小到了split.
$num eq ""总是正确的.$_[0] eq $date总是错误的.$_[0]从未设置过.| 归档时间： |
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