在 Spring Boot 中自动将 Rest 控制器序列化为 CSV 而不是 JSON

Question

我正在寻找一种快速/简单的解决方案，如何自动将 Rest 控制器输出序列化为 CSV 而不是 JSON。我有最简单的 Spring boot 应用程序：

@SpringBootApplication
public class CsvExportApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CsvExportApplication.class, args);
    }
}

class User {
    String name;
    String surname;

    public User(String name, String surname) {
        this.name = name;
        this.surname = surname;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setSurname(String surname) {
        this.surname = surname;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getSurname() {
        return surname;
    }
}

@RestController
class UserController {
    @GetMapping(value = "/users")
    List<User> list() {
        return Arrays.asList(new User("adam", "kowalsky"), new User("john", "smith"));
    }
}

我已经使用jackson-dataformat-csv并提出了以下序列化为 的代码List<User>，String但理想情况下我不想更改其余控制器代码：

CsvMapper mapper = new CsvMapper();
CsvSchema schema = mapper.schemaFor(User.class).withHeader();
mapper.writerFor(List.class).with(schema).writeValueAsString(users);

理想情况下，我希望我的控制器能够根据请求中的 Accept 标头以 JSON 或 CSV 格式返回输出。

Answer 1

我设法通过以下方式实现我想要的目标：

• 为 application/csv 定义自定义转换器
• 转换器只能写入CSV（不支持读取）
• 转换器使用 Jackon 的ObjectMapper（以确保 CSV 和 JSON 输出使用相同的日期格式）
• 转换器会jackson-dateformat-csv即时构建架构，因为当前不支持无架构写入： https: //github.com/FasterXML/jackson-dataformats-text/issues/114

代码：

class CsvConverter<T> extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<T> {

    private final ObjectMapper objectMapper;

    CsvConverter(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
        super(new MediaType("application", "csv"));
        this.objectMapper = objectMapper;
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    protected T readInternal(Class<? extends T> clazz, HttpInputMessage inputMessage)
            throws IOException, HttpMessageNotReadableException {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected void writeInternal(T object, HttpOutputMessage outputMessage) 
           throws IOException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {
        try {
            ObjectWriter objectWriter = getCsvWriter(object);
            try (PrintWriter outputWriter = new PrintWriter(outputMessage.getBody())) {
                outputWriter.write(objectWriter.writeValueAsString(object));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    ObjectWriter getCsvWriter(T object) {
        Set<String> fields = getUniqueFieldNames(object);
        CsvSchema.Builder schemaBuilder = CsvSchema.builder().setUseHeader(true);
        for (String field : fields) {
            schemaBuilder.addColumn(field);
        }
        return new CsvMapper().writerFor(List.class).with(schemaBuilder.build());
    }

    Set<String> getUniqueFieldNames(T object) {
        try {
            JsonNode root = objectMapper.readTree(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(object));
            Set<String> uniqueFieldNames = new LinkedHashSet<>();
            root.forEach(element -> {
                Iterator<String> it = element.fieldNames();
                while (it.hasNext()) {
                    String field = it.next();
                    uniqueFieldNames.add(field);
                }
            });
            return uniqueFieldNames;
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        }
    }
}

@Configuration
class AppConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    private final ObjectMapper objectMapper;

    AppConfig(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
        this.objectMapper = objectMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
        converters.add(new CsvConverter<>(objectMapper));
    }
}