DeprecationWarning：在Python中使用Geckodriver和Selenium将setter用于无头属性，而不是set_headless opts.set_headless（headless = True）

Question

我有一个非常基本的Python脚本，该脚本可以在本地计算机（Mint 19）上完美运行，但是在远程机器上（Ubuntu 16.04）却无法运行。相同的文件，两个Python 3.7。我在/ usr / local / bin中有geckodriver，它从命令行使用gecko --version从路径中检出。我不知道是什么问题。geckodriver.log文件只是说：

1541268536111   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "/usr/bin/firefox" "-marionette" "-headless" "-foreground" "-no-remote" "-profile" "/tmp/rust_mozprofile.Mt6zAyZc7D01"
*** You are running in headless mode.
1541268546125   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 33632

来自终端的错误是：

root@dev1:/home/krypterro/PycharmProjects/corbot# python3 test1.py
 2018-11-03 12:28:22,442 -  INFO -  Application - Start
test1.py:12: DeprecationWarning: use setter for headless property instead of set_headless
  opts.set_headless(headless=True)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test1.py", line 21, in <module>
    main()
  File "test1.py", line 14, in main
    driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=opts)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 174, in __init__
    keep_alive=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: timed out

这是Python代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def main():
    logging.info('Application - Start')
    # Operate in headless mode
    opts = Options()
    opts.set_headless(headless=True)
    assert opts.headless
    driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=opts)
    driver.get("https://www.krypterro.com")
    html_src = driver.page_source
    print(html_src)
    driver.close()
    driver.quit()
    logging.info('Application - End')
main()

我在远程设备上的防火墙中允许使用端口4444，但由于它是本地到本地连接，因此我不确定这是否很重要。

Answer 1

该信息日志...

INFO - Application - Start test1.py:12: DeprecationWarning: use setter for headless property instead of set_headless opts.set_headless(headless=True)

......意味着set_headless opts.set_headless(headless=True)被弃用，你必须使用二传手无头属性，如下所示：

opts = Options()
opts.headless = True
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=opts)
driver.get("https://www.krypterro.com")

您可以在如何使用python在Selenium中以编程方式使firefox变得无头的详细讨论。

在尝试检索页面源并且Web应用程序已启用JavaScript时继续前进，您需要引入WebDriverWait，然后可以使用以下解决方案：

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver.get("https://www.krypterro.com")
WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//h2[contains(.,'Products and Services')]")))
    html_src = driver.page_source
    print(html_src)
    driver.quit()

注意B：您无需调用driver.close()，driver.quit()而是始终driver.quit()只在tearDown(){}方法内调用即可正常关​​闭和销毁WebDriver和Web Client实例。