如何在python websocket服务器握手响应中设置“Sec-WebSocket-Protocol”标头?

eas*_*ngo 5 python websocket node.js handshake

我有一个 python websocket 服务器和一个 nodejs 客户端,但我无法实现websocket 的协议握手

python服务器代码

以下最小的 websocket 服务器使用Flask-sockets (使用gevent-websocket)。文件名是ws_server.py

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from flask import Flask, request, Response
from flask_sockets import Sockets

app = Flask(__name__)
sockets = Sockets(app)

@sockets.route('/')
def echo_socket(ws):
    # print("type request: ",type(request))
    # print("dir  request: ", dir(request))
    print("request.headers: ", request.headers)
    # print("type ws: ",type(ws))
    # print("dir  ws: ",dir(ws))

    if hasattr(request, "Sec-Websocket-Protocol"):
        print(request.headers["Sec-Websocket-Protocol"])
    else:
        print("INFO: No protocol specified")

    if request.headers["Sec-Websocket-Protocol"] == "aProtocol":
        print("INFO: protocol is OK")
    else:
        print("INFO: protocol not accepted: closing connection")
        ws.close()

    while not ws.closed:
        message = ws.receive()
        if message:
            print("received: "+message)
            ws.send(message)

    if ws.closed:
        print("INFO: connection has been closed")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    from gevent import pywsgi
    from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler
    server = pywsgi.WSGIServer(('', 5001), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler)
    server.serve_forever()
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nodejs客户端代码

以下最小的 websocket 客户端使用websocket 库。文件名是app.js

'use strict'

var WebSocketClient = require('websocket').client;
var client = new WebSocketClient();

function connectToServer(uri,protocol){
    client.on('connectFailed', function (error) {
        console.log('Connect Error: ' + error.toString());
    });

    client.on('connect', function (connection) {
        console.log('WebSocket Client Connected');

        connection.on('error', function (error) {
            console.log("Connection Error: " + error.toString());
        });

        connection.on('close', function () {
            console.log('echo-protocol Connection Closed');
        });

        connection.on('ping', () => {
            connection.pong();
        });

        connection.on('message', function (message) {
            if (message.type === 'utf8') {
                console.log("Received message is: '" + message.utf8Data + "'");
            }
        });
        console.log("sending SOMETHING");
        connection.sendUTF("SOMETHING");
    });
    client.connect(uri, protocol);
}

const wsHostAndPort = process.env.WSHSTPRT || "ws://echo.websocket.org:80";
const wsProtocol = process.env.WSPRTCL || []; // [] for no protocol

console.log("connecting to: ",wsHostAndPort,"with protocol",wsProtocol);
connectToServer(wsHostAndPort,wsProtocol);
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从 nodejs 作为客户端的连接

启动python ws服务器:

$ python3 ws_server.py
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从 nodejs ws 客户端连接:

$ WSHSTPRT=ws://localhost:5001/ WSPRTCL="aProtocol" node app.js
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客户端的输出是

connecting to:  ws://localhost:5001/ with protocol aProtocol
Connect Error: Error: Expected a Sec-WebSocket-Protocol header.
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服务器终端的输出是:

request.headers:  Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-Websocket-Version: 13
Sec-Websocket-Key: +QjH5xejDI+OQZQ0OZcWEQ==
Host: localhost:5001
Sec-Websocket-Protocol: aProtocol


INFO: No protocol specified
INFO: protocol is OK
INFO: connection has been closed
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在我看来,python 服务器需要设置一个标题,其名称 "Sec-WebSocket-Protocol"与它从客户端收到的值相同。但我不知道该怎么做。我已经在网上搜索(主要是flask-socketsgevent-websockets论坛和问题跟踪器)没有任何的运气至今。

我尝试了另一个简单的客户端,websocat. 我是这样调用它的: $ websocat ws://localhost:5001 --protocol aProtocol 我交互式地提示了一些消息,并且它们被 python 服务器正确响应。它之所以有效,是因为我认为websocat(与 nodejs' 不同websocket)在与服务器的握手中不希望出现“Sec-WebSocket-Protocol 标头”。

但我需要使用需要标头的 nodejs 客户端。所以我的问题是:如何将"Sec-WebSocket-Protocol" 标头合并到 python 服务器握手响应中?

pzr*_*zrq 3

我知道这是一年多前的事了,看起来你已经继续前进了,尽管看起来你已经快到了,只是aProtocol需要替换为subprotocol服务器期望的。

或者,根据Flask-websockets 使用的底层gevent-websocket完全省略:

// Subprotocol (2nd parameter) often is not required at all
var ws = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:5001/api');
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对于未来的我或任何在这里绊倒的人,我希望以下内容有所帮助。

在将浏览器连接到 Node.JS apollo-server 订阅的JavaScript 中,我需要以下内容:

// Pasted into Firefox console
const token = '...';  // A bearer token, if auth is needed
const subprotocol = 'graphql-ws';
w = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:5000/graphql', subprotocol);
w.send(JSON.stringify({"type":"connection_init","payload":{"authToken":token}}));
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然后我会看到Sec-Websocket-Protocol应用了标题: Sec-Websocket-协议标头 消息已发送并已收到确认

否则,如果没有应用子协议,Sec-Websocket-Protocol标头未发送并且控制消息可见,我会看到Connection Closed: 1002并且自然无法将消息发送到 websocket:

连接关闭:1002