IntelliJ IDEA - 错误:缺少JavaFX运行时组件,并且需要运行此应用程序

Question

我正在运行带有JDK 11.0.1的IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate 2018.2.5和来自OpenJFX的JavaFX 11.我知道这是一个常见的错误,我尝试了很多提议的修复,但没有任何作用.

无论我尝试运行哪个JavaFX项目,都会收到错误消息:

Error: JavaFX runtime components are missing, and are required to run this application

如果我将以下内容添加到VM选项中

 --module-path="C:\Program Files\Java\javafx-sdk-11\lib" --add-modules=javafx.controls

我收到这些错误:

Exception in Application start method
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplicationWithArgs(LauncherImpl.java:464)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:363)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
    at java.base/sun.launcher.LauncherHelper$FXHelper.main(LauncherHelper.java:1051)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:900)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication$2(LauncherImpl.java:195)
    at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalAccessError: class com.sun.javafx.fxml.FXMLLoaderHelper (in unnamed module @0x5fce9dc5) cannot access class com.sun.javafx.util.Utils (in module javafx.graphics) because module javafx.graphics does not export com.sun.javafx.util to unnamed module @0x5fce9dc5
    at com.sun.javafx.fxml.FXMLLoaderHelper.<clinit>(FXMLLoaderHelper.java:38)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.<clinit>(FXMLLoader.java:2056)
    at sample.Main.start(Main.java:13)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1$9(LauncherImpl.java:846)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait$12(PlatformImpl.java:455)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$10(PlatformImpl.java:428)
    at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$11(PlatformImpl.java:427)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:96)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
    at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$runLoop$3(WinApplication.java:174)
    ... 1 more
Exception running application sample.Main

我试着没有运气重新安装.我也试图改变或改变 getClass().getResource(...),但仍然无法正常工作.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource(...)Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("/sample.fxml"));

Answer 1

还有像类似的问题本或其他这样一个.

在JavaFX 11之前,无论何时调用与JavaFX相关的内容,您都可以在SDK中使用所有javafx模块.

但现在您必须包含所需的模块/依赖项.

您的错误表明您使用的是FXML但无法解决,但您刚刚添加了javafx.controls模块:

--add-modules=javafx.controls

正如你可以在看的JavaDoc的javafx.controls模块依赖于javafx.graphics和java.base,但没有这些模块包括FXML类.

如果您需要类似的FXML类FXMLLoader,则需要包含javafx.fxml模块:

 --module-path="C:\Program Files\Java\javafx-sdk-11\lib" \
    --add-modules=javafx.controls,javafx.fxml

如果您需要具有自己的模块的媒体或webkit,则同样适用.