Angular 测试 - 模拟一个 InjectionToken

Question

我正在尝试测试处理 SignalR 连接的 Angular 服务，该服务将 SignalR 的代码作为 InjectionToken。

这是提供程序文件：

// signalr-provider.ts

import { InjectionToken } from '@angular/core';

export const SIGNALR_TOKEN = new InjectionToken('signalR');

export function signalRFactory() {
    return window['signalR'];
}

export const SIGNALR_PROVIDER = [ { provide: SIGNALR_TOKEN, useFactory: signalRFactory } ];

这是服务：

// signalr-service.ts

import { Injectable, Inject } from '@angular/core';

import { SIGNALR_TOKEN } from './signalr-provider';
import { HubConnection } from '@aspnet/signalr';
import { environment } from '../../../environments/environment';

@Injectable()
export class SignalrService {
    private hubConnection: HubConnection;
    private baseUrl: string = environment.baseUrl;

    constructor(@Inject(SIGNALR_TOKEN) private signalR: any) {
        this.init();
    }

    init(): void {
        this.hubConnection = new this.signalR.HubConnectionBuilder().withUrl(`${this.baseUrl}/hubs/test`).build();
    }
}

令牌在 app 模块中提供，如下所示：

// From app.module.ts

@NgModule({
    declarations: [...],
    imports: [...],
    providers: [ SIGNALR_PROVIDER, SignalrService ],
    bootstrap: [ AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule {}

到目前为止，我没有运气尝试在我的测试文件中模拟 InjectionToken，并且NullInjectorError: No provider for InjectionToken signalR!每次都以一条消息结束。

这是我的第一次尝试，从 signalRFactory 函数返回一个模拟对象，只包含初始连接中所需的属性：

// signalr-service.spec.ts

import { TestBed, async } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { InjectionToken } from '@angular/core';

import { SignalrService } from './signalr-service';

const SIGNALR_TOKEN = new InjectionToken('signalR');

function signalRFactory() {
    return {
        HubConnectionBuilder: () => {
            return {
                withUrl: (url) => {
                    return {
                        build: () => {}
                    };
                }
            };
        }
    };
}

const SIGNALR_PROVIDER = [ { provide: SIGNALR_TOKEN, useFactory: signalRFactory } ];

describe('ConnectionService', () => {
    beforeEach(
        async(() => {
            TestBed.configureTestingModule({
                providers: [ SIGNALR_PROVIDER, SignalrService ]
            });
        })
    );

    it('should exist', () => {
        const connectionService = TestBed.get(SignalrService);
        expect(connectionService).toBeTruthy();
    });
});

在我的第二次尝试中，我将模拟对象分配给了一个变量：

import { TestBed, async } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { InjectionToken } from '@angular/core';

import { SignalrService } from './signalr-service';

const SIGNALR_TOKEN = new InjectionToken('signalR');

const SIGNALR_VALUE = {
    HubConnectionBuilder: () => {
        return {
            withUrl: (url) => {
                return {
                    build: () => {}
                };
            }
        };
    }
};

const SIGNALR_PROVIDER = [ { provide: SIGNALR_TOKEN, useValue: SIGNALR_VALUE } ];

describe('ConnectionService', () => {
    beforeEach(
        async(() => {
            TestBed.configureTestingModule({
                providers: [ SIGNALR_PROVIDER, SignalrService ]
            });
        })
    );

    it('should exist', () => {
        const connectionService = TestBed.get(SignalrService);
        expect(connectionService).toBeTruthy();
    });
});

在我的第三次尝试中，我取出了 SIGNALR_PROVIDER 并尝试通过工厂和直接值直接在提供者数组中提供值：

直接价值：

import { TestBed, async } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { InjectionToken } from '@angular/core';

import { SignalrService } from './signalr-service';

const SIGNALR_TOKEN = new InjectionToken('signalR');

const SIGNALR_VALUE = {
    HubConnectionBuilder: () => {
        return {
            withUrl: (url) => {
                return {
                    build: () => {}
                };
            }
        };
    }
};

describe('ConnectionService', () => {
    beforeEach(
        async(() => {
            TestBed.configureTestingModule({
                providers: [ { provide: SIGNALR_TOKEN, useValue: SIGNALR_VALUE }, SignalrService ]
            });
        })
    );

    it('should exist', () => {
        const connectionService = TestBed.get(SignalrService);
        expect(connectionService).toBeTruthy();
    });
});

工厂：

import { TestBed, async } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { InjectionToken } from '@angular/core';

import { SignalrService } from './signalr-service';

const SIGNALR_TOKEN = new InjectionToken('signalR');

function signalRFactory() {
    return {
        HubConnectionBuilder: () => {
            return {
                withUrl: (url) => {
                    return {
                        build: () => {}
                    };
                }
            };
        }
    };
}

describe('ConnectionService', () => {
    beforeEach(
        async(() => {
            TestBed.configureTestingModule({
                providers: [ { provide: SIGNALR_TOKEN, useFactory: signalRFactory }, SignalrService ]
            });
        })
    );

    it('should exist', () => {
        const connectionService = TestBed.get(SignalrService);
        expect(connectionService).toBeTruthy();
    });
});

每次尝试仍然让我NullInjectorError: No provider for InjectionToken signalR!陷入困境。显然，我对 InjectionToken 一无所知。有人能指出我正确的方向吗？

Answer 1

想通了——我的问题是我在测试文件中重新定义了令牌，所以我的测试为我的模拟对象提供了一个与我的服务期望的完全不同的令牌。将其更改为此修复了它：

// signalr-service.spec.ts

import { TestBed, async } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { InjectionToken } from '@angular/core';

import { SignalrService } from './signalr-service';

import { SIGNALR_TOKEN } from './signalr-provider'; // This is the change

function signalRFactory() {
    return {
        HubConnectionBuilder: () => {
            return {
                withUrl: (url) => {
                    return {
                        build: () => {}
                    };
                }
            };
        }
    };
}

const SIGNALR_PROVIDER = [ { provide: SIGNALR_TOKEN, useFactory: signalRFactory } ];

describe('ConnectionService', () => {
    beforeEach(
        async(() => {
            TestBed.configureTestingModule({
                providers: [ SIGNALR_PROVIDER, SignalrService ]
            });
        })
    );

    it('should exist', () => {
        const connectionService = TestBed.get(SignalrService);
        expect(connectionService).toBeTruthy();
    });
});