Gum*_*mbo 1623
您应该实现自己的会话超时.其他人提到的两个选项(session.gc_maxlifetime和session.cookie_lifetime)都不可靠.我会解释原因.
第一:
session.gc_maxlifetime
session.gc_maxlifetime指定数据被视为"垃圾"并清理的秒数.在会话开始期间发生垃圾收集.
但垃圾收集器只是以session.gc_probability除以session.gc_divisor的概率开始.并使用这些选项的默认值(分别为1和100),机率仅为1%.
好吧,您可以简单地调整这些值,以便更频繁地启动垃圾收集器.但是当垃圾收集器启动时,它将检查每个注册会话的有效性.这是成本密集型的.
此外,使用PHP的默认session.save_handler文件时,会话数据存储在session.save_path中指定的路径中的文件中.使用该会话处理程序,会话数据的年龄将根据文件的上次修改日期计算,而不是上次访问日期:
注意:如果您使用的是基于文件的默认会话处理程序,则您的文件系统必须跟踪访问时间(atime).如果您遇到FAT文件系统或任何其他无法进行atime跟踪的文件系统,那么Windows FAT不会如此,您将不得不想出另一种方法来处理垃圾收集会话.从PHP 4.2.3开始,它使用了mtime(修改日期)而不是atime.因此,对于无法进行atime跟踪的文件系统,您不会遇到问题.
因此,当会话本身仍然被认为是有效的时,可能还会发生会话数据文件被删除,因为会话数据最近没有更新.
第二个:
session.cookie_lifetime
session.cookie_lifetime指定发送到浏览器的cookie的生命周期(以秒为单位).[...]
恩,那就对了.这仅影响cookie生存期,会话本身可能仍然有效.但是服务器的任务是使会话无效,而不是客户端.所以这对任何事都没有帮助.实际上,将session.cookie_lifetime设置为0
会使会话的cookie成为真正的会话cookie,该cookie仅在浏览器关闭之前有效.
结论/最佳解决方案:
最好的解决方案是实现自己的会话超时.使用表示最后一次活动(即请求)的时间的简单时间戳,并使用每个请求更新它:
if (isset($_SESSION['LAST_ACTIVITY']) && (time() - $_SESSION['LAST_ACTIVITY'] > 1800)) {
// last request was more than 30 minutes ago
session_unset(); // unset $_SESSION variable for the run-time
session_destroy(); // destroy session data in storage
}
$_SESSION['LAST_ACTIVITY'] = time(); // update last activity time stamp
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每次请求更新会话数据也会更改会话文件的修改日期,以便垃圾收集器不会过早地删除会话.
您还可以使用额外的时间戳来定期重新生成会话ID,以避免对会话固定等会话的攻击:
if (!isset($_SESSION['CREATED'])) {
$_SESSION['CREATED'] = time();
} else if (time() - $_SESSION['CREATED'] > 1800) {
// session started more than 30 minutes ago
session_regenerate_id(true); // change session ID for the current session and invalidate old session ID
$_SESSION['CREATED'] = time(); // update creation time
}
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笔记:
session.gc_maxlifetime
应至少等于此自定义到期处理程序的生命周期(在此示例中为1800);setcookie
过期,则还需要使用过期time()+60*30
以使会话cookie保持活动状态.Raf*_*fee 129
注意:如果你想改变时间,只需用你想要的时间改变30,不要改变*60:这将给出分钟.
在几分钟内:(30*60)
在几天内:(n*24*60*60)n =没有天数
<?php
session_start();
?>
<html>
<form name="form1" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>Username</td>
<td><input type="text" name="text"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password</td>
<td><input type="password" name="pwd"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="SignIn" name="submit"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</html>
<?php
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
$v1 = "FirstUser";
$v2 = "MyPassword";
$v3 = $_POST['text'];
$v4 = $_POST['pwd'];
if ($v1 == $v3 && $v2 == $v4) {
$_SESSION['luser'] = $v1;
$_SESSION['start'] = time(); // Taking now logged in time.
// Ending a session in 30 minutes from the starting time.
$_SESSION['expire'] = $_SESSION['start'] + (30 * 60);
header('Location: http://localhost/somefolder/homepage.php');
} else {
echo "Please enter the username or password again!";
}
}
?>
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<?php
session_start();
if (!isset($_SESSION['luser'])) {
echo "Please Login again";
echo "<a href='http://localhost/somefolder/login.php'>Click Here to Login</a>";
}
else {
$now = time(); // Checking the time now when home page starts.
if ($now > $_SESSION['expire']) {
session_destroy();
echo "Your session has expired! <a href='http://localhost/somefolder/login.php'>Login here</a>";
}
else { //Starting this else one [else1]
?>
<!-- From here all HTML coding can be done -->
<html>
Welcome
<?php
echo $_SESSION['luser'];
echo "<a href='http://localhost/somefolder/logout.php'>Log out</a>";
?>
</html>
<?php
}
}
?>
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<?php
session_start();
session_destroy();
header('Location: http://localhost/somefolder/login.php');
?>
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Ros*_*oss 39
这是在一段时间后将用户注销吗?设置会话创建时间(或到期时间),然后检查每个页面上的负载可以处理它.
例如:
$_SESSION['example'] = array('foo' => 'bar', 'registered' => time());
// later
if ((time() - $_SESSION['example']['registered']) > (60 * 30)) {
unset($_SESSION['example']);
}
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编辑:我觉得你的意思是别的.
您可以使用session.gc_maxlifetime
ini设置在一定生命周期后删除会话:
编辑: ini_set('session.gc_maxlifetime',60*30);
Pab*_*zos 22
这篇文章展示了几种控制会话超时的方法:http://bytes.com/topic/php/insights/889606-setting-timeout-php-sessions
恕我直言第二个选择是一个很好的解决方案
<?php
/***
* Starts a session with a specific timeout and a specific GC probability.
* @param int $timeout The number of seconds until it should time out.
* @param int $probability The probablity, in int percentage, that the garbage
* collection routine will be triggered right now.
* @param strint $cookie_domain The domain path for the cookie.
*/
function session_start_timeout($timeout=5, $probability=100, $cookie_domain='/') {
// Set the max lifetime
ini_set("session.gc_maxlifetime", $timeout);
// Set the session cookie to timout
ini_set("session.cookie_lifetime", $timeout);
// Change the save path. Sessions stored in teh same path
// all share the same lifetime; the lowest lifetime will be
// used for all. Therefore, for this to work, the session
// must be stored in a directory where only sessions sharing
// it's lifetime are. Best to just dynamically create on.
$seperator = strstr(strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)), "WIN") ? "\\" : "/";
$path = ini_get("session.save_path") . $seperator . "session_" . $timeout . "sec";
if(!file_exists($path)) {
if(!mkdir($path, 600)) {
trigger_error("Failed to create session save path directory '$path'. Check permissions.", E_USER_ERROR);
}
}
ini_set("session.save_path", $path);
// Set the chance to trigger the garbage collection.
ini_set("session.gc_probability", $probability);
ini_set("session.gc_divisor", 100); // Should always be 100
// Start the session!
session_start();
// Renew the time left until this session times out.
// If you skip this, the session will time out based
// on the time when it was created, rather than when
// it was last used.
if(isset($_COOKIE[session_name()])) {
setcookie(session_name(), $_COOKIE[session_name()], time() + $timeout, $cookie_domain);
}
}
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Tou*_*afi 18
我明白上面的答案是正确的,但它们是在应用程序级别,为什么我们不只是使用.htaccess
文件来设置过期时间?
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
#Session timeout
php_value session.cookie_lifetime 1800
php_value session.gc_maxlifetime 1800
</IfModule>
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mid*_*dus 14
if (isSet($_SESSION['started'])){
if((mktime() - $_SESSION['started'] - 60*30) > 0){
//Logout, destroy session, etc.
}
}
else {
$_SESSION['started'] = mktime();
}
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Wal*_*ers 13
使用功能session_set_cookie_params
来实现此功能.
在session_start()
调用之前需要调用此函数.
试试这个:
$lifetime = strtotime('+30 minutes', 0);
session_set_cookie_params($lifetime);
session_start();
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请参阅:http://php.net/manual/function.session-set-cookie-params.php
Tor*_*hel 10
使用如下功能实际上很容易.它使用数据库表名称'sessions',字段'id'和'time'.
每当用户再次访问您的站点或服务时,您应调用此函数以检查其返回值是否为TRUE.如果它为FALSE,则用户已过期并且会话将被销毁(注意:此函数使用数据库类来连接和查询数据库,当然您也可以在函数内部或类似的情况下执行此操作):
function session_timeout_ok() {
global $db;
$timeout = SESSION_TIMEOUT; //const, e.g. 6 * 60 for 6 minutes
$ok = false;
$session_id = session_id();
$sql = "SELECT time FROM sessions WHERE session_id = '".$session_id."'";
$rows = $db->query($sql);
if ($rows === false) {
//Timestamp could not be read
$ok = FALSE;
}
else {
//Timestamp was read succesfully
if (count($rows) > 0) {
$zeile = $rows[0];
$time_past = $zeile['time'];
if ( $timeout + $time_past < time() ) {
//Time has expired
session_destroy();
$sql = "DELETE FROM sessions WHERE session_id = '" . $session_id . "'";
$affected = $db -> query($sql);
$ok = FALSE;
}
else {
//Time is okay
$ok = TRUE;
$sql = "UPDATE sessions SET time='" . time() . "' WHERE session_id = '" . $session_id . "'";
$erg = $db -> query($sql);
if ($erg == false) {
//DB error
}
}
}
else {
//Session is new, write it to database table sessions
$sql = "INSERT INTO sessions(session_id,time) VALUES ('".$session_id."','".time()."')";
$res = $db->query($sql);
if ($res === FALSE) {
//Database error
$ok = false;
}
$ok = true;
}
return $ok;
}
return $ok;
}
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小智 8
在会话中存储时间戳
<?php
$user = $_POST['user_name'];
$pass = $_POST['user_pass'];
require ('db_connection.php');
// Hey, always escape input if necessary!
$result = mysql_query(sprintf("SELECT * FROM accounts WHERE user_Name='%s' AND user_Pass='%s'", mysql_real_escape_string($user), mysql_real_escape_string($pass));
if( mysql_num_rows( $result ) > 0)
{
$array = mysql_fetch_assoc($result);
session_start();
$_SESSION['user_id'] = $user;
$_SESSION['login_time'] = time();
header("Location:loggedin.php");
}
else
{
header("Location:login.php");
}
?>
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现在,检查时间戳是否在允许的时间窗口内(1800秒是30分钟)
<?php
session_start();
if( !isset( $_SESSION['user_id'] ) || time() - $_SESSION['login_time'] > 1800)
{
header("Location:login.php");
}
else
{
// uncomment the next line to refresh the session, so it will expire after thirteen minutes of inactivity, and not thirteen minutes after login
//$_SESSION['login_time'] = time();
echo ( "this session is ". $_SESSION['user_id'] );
//show rest of the page and all other content
}
?>
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请在包含在每个页面中的包含文件中使用以下代码块.
$expiry = 1800 ;//session expiry required after 30 mins
if (isset($_SESSION['LAST']) && (time() - $_SESSION['LAST'] > $expiry)) {
session_unset();
session_destroy();
}
$_SESSION['LAST'] = time();
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Christopher Kramer 在 2014 年在https://www.php.net/manual/en/session.configuration.php#115842上写的内容让我大开眼界
在 debian(基于)系统上,在运行时更改 session.gc_maxlifetime 没有实际效果。Debian 通过设置 session.gc_probability=0 来禁用 PHP 自己的垃圾收集器。相反,它有一个每 30 分钟运行一次的 cronjob(请参阅 /etc/cron.d/php5)来清理旧会话。这个 cronjob 基本上会检查你的 php.ini 并使用那里的 session.gc_maxlifetime 值来决定要清理哪些会话(请参阅 /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime )。[...]
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