具有 INNER 和 OUTER Join 的 LINQ 方法语法

RoL*_*LLs 5 c# linq lambda linq-method-syntax

我有 3 个课程,并试图用它LINQ methods来执行 anINNER JOIN和 a LEFT JOIN。我可以单独执行每个操作,但不能一起执行,因为我什至无法弄清楚语法。

最终,我要编写的 SQL 是:

SELECT *
FROM [Group] AS [g]
INNER JOIN [Section] AS [s] ON [s].[GroupId] = [g].[Id]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [Course] AS [c] ON [c].[SectionId] = [s].[Id]
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课程

public class Group {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int Name { get; set; }
    public bool IsActive { get; set; }
    public ICollection<Section> Sections { get; set; }
}

public class Section {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int Name { get; set; }
    public int GroupId { get; set; }
    public Group Group { get; set; }
    public bool IsActive { get; set; }
    public ICollection<Course> Courses { get; set; }
}

public class Course {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int UserId { get; set; }
    public int Name { get; set; }
    public int SectionId { get; set; }
    public bool IsActive { get; set; }
}
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样品

我希望结果是 类型Group。我成功地执行了和LEFT JOIN之间的操作,但随后我有一个a> Group`类型的对象。SectionCourseIQueryable<, which is not what I want, since

public class Group {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int Name { get; set; }
    public bool IsActive { get; set; }
    public ICollection<Section> Sections { get; set; }
}

public class Section {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int Name { get; set; }
    public int GroupId { get; set; }
    public Group Group { get; set; }
    public bool IsActive { get; set; }
    public ICollection<Course> Courses { get; set; }
}

public class Course {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int UserId { get; set; }
    public int Name { get; set; }
    public int SectionId { get; set; }
    public bool IsActive { get; set; }
}
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我也尝试过此操作,但返回,NULL因为这INNER JOIN对所有表执行了 an 操作,并且用户尚未输入任何Courses.

var result = db.Section
               .GroupJoin(db.Course, 
                    s => s.Id,
                    c => c.SectionId,
                    (s, c) => new { s, c = c.DefaultIfEmpty() })
               .SelectMany(s => s.c.Select(c => new { s = s.s, c }));
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问题

如何以最少的数据库调用次数执行 anINNER和 a并获得类型的结果?LEFT JOINGroup

期望的结果

我想要 1 个类型的对象Group,但前提是 aGroup具有Section. 我还想返回Courses用户具有的特定Section或 return NULL

huy*_*itw 3

Group我认为如果不返回一个新的(匿名)对象而不是(如本答案所示),您所要求的就是不可能的。由于关系和实体缓存的工作方式,EF 不允许您Course在 a 中获取已过滤的集合,这意味着您无法使用导航属性来执行此任务。Section

首先,您希望控制加载哪些相关实体,因此我建议通过在实体中标记SectionsCourses集合属性来启用延迟加载virtual(除非您已为应用程序中的所有实体启用延迟加载),因为我们不希望 EF 加载相关内容SectionsCourses因为它无论如何都会加载每个用户的所有课程。

public class Group {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int Name { get; set; }
    public bool IsActive { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<Section> Sections { get; set; }
}

public class Section {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int Name { get; set; }
    public int GroupId { get; set; }
    public Group Group { get; set; }
    public bool IsActive { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<Course> Courses { get; set; }
}
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在方法语法中,查询可能如下所示:

var results = db.Group
    .Where(g => g.IsActive)
    .GroupJoin(
        db.Section.Where(s => s.IsActive),
        g => g.Id,
        s => s.GroupId,
        (g, s) => new
        {
            Group = g,
            UserSections = s
                .GroupJoin(
                    db.Course.Where(c => c.IsActive && c.UserId == _userId).DefaultIfEmpty(),
                    ss => ss.Id,
                    cc => cc.SectionId,
                    (ss, cc) => new
                    {
                        Section = ss,
                        UserCourses = cc
                    }
                )
        })
    .ToList();
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您将把结果消费为:

foreach (var result in results)
{
    var group = result.Group;

    foreach (var userSection in result.UserSections)
    {
        var section = userSection.Section;

        var userCourses = userSection.UserCourses;

    }
}
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现在,如果您不需要在数据库级别对分组结果进行额外过滤,您还可以使用此 LINQ 查询采用 INNER JOIN 和 LEFT OUTER JOIN 方法,并在内存中进行分组:

var results = db.Group
    .Where(g => g.IsActive)
    .Join(
        db.Section.Where(s => s.IsActive),
        g => g.Id,
        s => s.GroupId,
        (g, s) => new
        {
            Group = g,
            UserSection = new
            {
                Section = s,
                UserCourses = db.Course.Where(c => c.IsActive && c.UserId == _userId && c.SectionId == s.Id).DefaultIfEmpty()
            }
        })
    .ToList() // Data gets fetched from database at this point
    .GroupBy(x => x.Group) // In-memory grouping
    .Select(x => new
    {
        Group = x.Key,
        UserSections = x.Select(us => new
        {
            Section = us.UserSection,
            UserCourses = us.UserSection.UserCourses
        })
    });
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请记住,每当您尝试访问group.Sections或时section.Courses,您都会触发延迟加载,它将获取所有子部分或课程,而不管_userId.