JPA按链表大小查找所有订单

jpg*_*z18 8 java spring jpql spring-data-jpa

我遇到了一个问题,我不知道是否有可能使用JPA.

我正在尝试使用JPA进行查询并进行以下操作:

获取课程实体字段(id,name)的所有课程,但也包含非持久字段(@Transient),其中将填写与此课程相关的所有学生的计数

像这样的东西:

List<Course> courses = courseRepository.findAll();
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但取而代之的是(以json为例)

[{1, soccer}, {2, art}, {3, singing}]
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我需要这样的东西

[{1, soccer, 2}, {2, art, 0}, {3, singing, 1}]
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如您所见,值为2,0 a 1是所有相关行的表学生的计数

Student table
| id | name | description | course |
|  1 | thg1 | a thing     | 1      |
|  2 | thg2 | another one | 1      |
|  3 | thg3 | one more    | 3      |   

Course Table
| id | name | 
|  1 | soccer |     
|  2 | art |     
|  3 | singing |     
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因此,限制是一名学生只能参加一门课程.

使用JPA我想选择所有课程,但由于我使用分页,我无法在春季部分(我的意思是作为服务),我试图直接用JPA做,有什么办法我可以实现这个吗?也许有规格?想法?

谢谢

Tom*_*Tom 5

您可以使用@FormulaHibernate中的注释:

@Formula("select count(*) FROM student s WHERE s.course = id")
private int totalStudents;
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有时,您希望数据库为您做一些计算而不是在JVM中进行计算,您可能还会创建某种虚拟列。您可以使用SQL片段(也称为公式)来代替将属性映射到列中。这种属性是只读的(其值由您的公式片段计算得出)。

@Formula("obj_length * obj_height * obj_width")
public long getObjectVolume()
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SQL片段可以任意复杂,甚至可以包含子选择。

休眠参考

或者,您可以使用双向关系来计算学生:

@OneToMany(mappedBy="course")
private List<Student> students;

public int getTotalStudents() {
    return students.size();
}
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或带有transient字段:

@OneToMany(mappedBy="course")
private List<Student> students;

@Transient
private int studentCount;

@PostLoad
public void setStudentCount() {
    studentCount = students.size();
}
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为了避免Cepr0提到的N + 1问题,可以将获取模式设置为join:

@OneToMany(mappedBy="course")
@Fetch(FetchMode.JOIN)
private List<Student> students;
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Cep*_*pr0 4

您可以使用投影来实现您所需要的。

假设您正在使用以下实体:

@Entity
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Course implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    @Transient
    private Long total;

    public Course() {
    }

    public Course(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}
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@Entity
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Student implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToOne(optional = false)
    private Course course;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name, Course course) {
        this.name = name;
        this.course = course;
    }
}
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1)然后你可以创建基于界面的投影

public interface CourseWithCountProjection {
    Integer getId();
    String getName();
    Long getTotal();
}
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以及课程存储库中的以下查询方法:

public interface CourseRepo extends JpaRepository<Course, Integer> {
    @Query(value = "" +
            "select " +
            "  c.id as id, " +
            "  c.name as name, " +
            "  count(s) as total " +
            "from " +
            "  Course c " +
            "  left join Student s on s.course.id = c.id " +
            "group by " +
            "  c " +
            "order by " +
            "  count(s) desc" +
            "", countQuery = "select count(c) from Course c")
    Page<CourseWithCountProjection> getProjectionWithCount(Pageable pageable);    
}
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在这种情况下,您不需要total中的瞬态字段Course,并且可以将其删除

请注意,您必须将额外的countQuery参数添加到注释中@Query,因为主查询具有分组。

还要注意查询中的别名(c.id as id等) - 当您使用投影时它们是必要的。

2)另一种方法是在 JPQL 查询中使用Course构造函数,如 @KarolDowbecki 所示。您可以将它用于几乎相同的查询:

public interface CourseRepo extends JpaRepository<Course, Integer> {
    @Query(value = "" +
        "select " +
        "  new Course(c.id, c.name, count(s)) " +
        "from " +
        "  Course c " +
        "  left join Student s on s.course.id = c.id " +
        "group by " +
        "  c " +
        "order by " +
        "  count(s) desc" +
        "", countQuery = "select count(c) from Course c")
    Page<Course> getCoursesWithCount(Pageable pageable);
}
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更新

第一个选项更可取,因为它将模型( Course) 和视图( CourseWithCountProjection) 分开。

更新2

要获得动态排序,您可以order by从查询中排除并在Pageable查询方法的参数中提供排序,例如:

@Query(value = "" +
        "select " +
        "  c.id as id, " +
        "  c.name as name, " +
        "  count(s) as total " +
        "from " +
        "  Course c " +
        "  left join Student s on s.course.id = c.id " +
        "group by " +
        "  c " +
        "", countQuery = "select count(c) from Course c")
Page<CourseWithCountProjection> getProjectionWithCount(Pageable pageable);

Page<CourseWithCountProjection> result = parentRepo.getProjectionWithCount(PageRequest.of(0, 20, Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "total")));
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工作示例在这里:sb-jpa-orderby-相关