斯坦福依赖解析器（3.9.1）的标签含义是什么？

Question

我使用斯坦福依赖解析器（3.9.1）来解析一个句子，我得到的结果如下。

    [[(('investigating', 'VBG'), 'nmod', ('years', 'NNS')),
  (('years', 'NNS'), 'case', ('In', 'IN')),
  (('years', 'NNS'), 'det', ('the', 'DT')),
  (('years', 'NNS'), 'amod', ('last', 'JJ')),
  (('years', 'NNS'), 'nmod', ('century', 'NN')),
  (('century', 'NN'), 'case', ('of', 'IN')),
  (('century', 'NN'), 'det', ('the', 'DT')),
  (('century', 'NN'), 'amod', ('nineteenth', 'JJ')),
  (('investigating', 'VBG'), 'nsubj', ('Planck', 'NNP')),
  (('investigating', 'VBG'), 'aux', ('was', 'VBD')),
  (('investigating', 'VBG'), 'dobj', ('problem', 'NN')),
  (('problem', 'NN'), 'det', ('the', 'DT')),
  (('problem', 'NN'), 'nmod', ('radiation', 'NN')),
  (('radiation', 'NN'), 'case', ('of', 'IN')),
  (('radiation', 'NN'), 'amod', ('black-body', 'JJ')),
  (('radiation', 'NN'), 'acl', ('posed', 'VBN')),
  (('posed', 'VBN'), 'advmod', ('first', 'RB')),
  (('posed', 'VBN'), 'nmod', ('Kirchhoff', 'NNP')),
  (('Kirchhoff', 'NNP'), 'case', ('by', 'IN')),
  (('Kirchhoff', 'NNP'), 'advmod', ('earlier', 'RBR')),
  (('earlier', 'RBR'), 'nmod:npmod', ('years', 'NNS')),
  (('years', 'NNS'), 'det', ('some', 'DT')),
  (('years', 'NNS'), 'amod', ('forty', 'JJ'))]]

StanfordDependencyManual中缺少一些表示“nmod”和“acl”的标签。我能找到的最新手册版本是 3.7.0。我还在Standard_list_of_dependency_relations 上找到了一些解释， 但它仍然遗漏了一些标签。

因此，我的问题是在哪里可以找到这些标签解释的最新版本？谢谢！

Answer 1

对于最近的几个版本，斯坦福解析器一直在生成通用依赖而不是斯坦福依赖。可以在此处找到新的关系集，并在下面列出（对于版本 1 - 版本 2 似乎仍在进行中？）：

acl: clausal modifier of noun
acl:relcl: relative clause modifier
advcl: adverbial clause modifier
advmod: adverbial modifier
amod: adjectival modifier
appos: appositional modifier
aux: auxiliary
auxpass: passive auxiliary
case: case marking
cc: coordination
cc:preconj: preconjunct
ccomp: clausal complement
compound: compound
compound:prt: phrasal verb particle
conj: conjunct
cop: copula
csubj: clausal subject
csubjpass: clausal passive subject
dep: dependent
det: determiner
det:predet: predeterminer
discourse: discourse element
dislocated: dislocated elements
dobj: direct object
expl: expletive
foreign: foreign words
goeswith: goes with
iobj: indirect object
list: list
mark: marker
mwe: multi-word expression
name: name
neg: negation modifier
nmod: nominal modifier
nmod:npmod: noun phrase as adverbial modifier
nmod:poss: possessive nominal modifier
nmod:tmod: temporal modifier
nsubj: nominal subject
nsubjpass: passive nominal subject
nummod: numeric modifier
parataxis: parataxis
punct: punctuation
remnant: remnant in ellipsis
reparandum: overridden disfluency
root: root
vocative: vocative
xcomp: open clausal complement

虽然不再维护，但您可以通过将属性设置depparse.language为English（参见例如此处）来获取旧的依赖项格式：

properties.setProperty("depparse.language", "English")