HTML5 canvas ctx.fillText不会换行吗？

Question

如果文本包含"\n",我似乎无法向画布添加文本.我的意思是,换行符不显示/工作.

ctxPaint.fillText("s  ome \n \\n <br/> thing", x, y);

上面的代码将"s ome \n <br/> thing"在一行中绘制.

这是fillText的限制还是我做错了？"\n"是存在的,没有打印,但它们也不起作用.

Answer 1

我担心这是Canvas'的限制fillText.没有多线支持.更糟糕的是,没有内置的方法来测量线高,只有宽度,让自己做得更难!

很多人都写了他们自己的多线支持,也许是最着名的项目是Mozilla Skywriter.

您需要做的就是多次fillText调用,同时每次将文本的高度添加到y值.(我相信,测量​​M的宽度是天文写作者用来近似文本的方式.)

Answer 2

如果您只想在文本中处理换行符,可以通过在换行符处拆分文本并多次调用来模拟它. fillText()

像http://jsfiddle.net/BaG4J/1/之类的东西

var c = document.getElementById('c').getContext('2d');
c.font = '11px Courier';
    console.log(c);
var txt = 'line 1\nline 2\nthird line..';
var x = 30;
var y = 30;
var lineheight = 15;
var lines = txt.split('\n');

for (var i = 0; i<lines.length; i++)
    c.fillText(lines[i], x, y + (i*lineheight) );

canvas{background-color:#ccc;}

<canvas id="c" width="150" height="150"></canvas>

我刚刚 在http://jsfiddle.net/BaG4J/2/做了概念的包装证明(指定宽度的绝对包装.没有处理单词的破坏)

var c = document.getElementById('c').getContext('2d');
c.font = '11px Courier';

var txt = 'this is a very long text to print';

printAt(c, txt, 10, 20, 15, 90 );


function printAt( context , text, x, y, lineHeight, fitWidth)
{
    fitWidth = fitWidth || 0;
    
    if (fitWidth <= 0)
    {
         context.fillText( text, x, y );
        return;
    }
    
    for (var idx = 1; idx <= text.length; idx++)
    {
        var str = text.substr(0, idx);
        console.log(str, context.measureText(str).width, fitWidth);
        if (context.measureText(str).width > fitWidth)
        {
            context.fillText( text.substr(0, idx-1), x, y );
            printAt(context, text.substr(idx-1), x, y + lineHeight, lineHeight,  fitWidth);
            return;
        }
    }
    context.fillText( text, x, y );
}

canvas{background-color:#ccc;}

<canvas id="c" width="150" height="150"></canvas>

并且包装(在空间打破)概念证明.http://jsfiddle.net/BaG4J/5/上的
示例

var c = document.getElementById('c').getContext('2d');
c.font = '11px Courier';

var txt = 'this is a very long text. Some more to print!';

printAtWordWrap(c, txt, 10, 20, 15, 90 );


function printAtWordWrap( context , text, x, y, lineHeight, fitWidth)
{
    fitWidth = fitWidth || 0;
    
    if (fitWidth <= 0)
    {
        context.fillText( text, x, y );
        return;
    }
    var words = text.split(' ');
    var currentLine = 0;
    var idx = 1;
    while (words.length > 0 && idx <= words.length)
    {
        var str = words.slice(0,idx).join(' ');
        var w = context.measureText(str).width;
        if ( w > fitWidth )
        {
            if (idx==1)
            {
                idx=2;
            }
            context.fillText( words.slice(0,idx-1).join(' '), x, y + (lineHeight*currentLine) );
            currentLine++;
            words = words.splice(idx-1);
            idx = 1;
        }
        else
        {idx++;}
    }
    if  (idx > 0)
        context.fillText( words.join(' '), x, y + (lineHeight*currentLine) );
}

canvas{background-color:#ccc;}

<canvas id="c" width="150" height="150"></canvas>

在第二个和第三个例子中,我使用的measureText()方法显示了打印时字符串的长度(以像素为单位).

Answer 3

也许有点迟到这个派对,但我发现以下教程完美地将文本包装在画布上.

http://www.html5canvastutorials.com/tutorials/html5-canvas-wrap-text-tutorial/

从那以后我能够想到多线工作(对不起拉米雷斯,你的不适合我!).我在画布中包装文本的完整代码如下:

<script type="text/javascript">

     // http: //www.html5canvastutorials.com/tutorials/html5-canvas-wrap-text-tutorial/
     function wrapText(context, text, x, y, maxWidth, lineHeight) {
        var cars = text.split("\n");

        for (var ii = 0; ii < cars.length; ii++) {

            var line = "";
            var words = cars[ii].split(" ");

            for (var n = 0; n < words.length; n++) {
                var testLine = line + words[n] + " ";
                var metrics = context.measureText(testLine);
                var testWidth = metrics.width;

                if (testWidth > maxWidth) {
                    context.fillText(line, x, y);
                    line = words[n] + " ";
                    y += lineHeight;
                }
                else {
                    line = testLine;
                }
            }

            context.fillText(line, x, y);
            y += lineHeight;
        }
     }

     function DrawText() {

         var canvas = document.getElementById("c");
         var context = canvas.getContext("2d");

         context.clearRect(0, 0, 500, 600);

         var maxWidth = 400;
         var lineHeight = 60;
         var x = 20; // (canvas.width - maxWidth) / 2;
         var y = 58;


         var text = document.getElementById("text").value.toUpperCase();                

         context.fillStyle = "rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)";
         context.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 500);

         context.font = "51px 'LeagueGothicRegular'";
         context.fillStyle = "#333";

         wrapText(context, text, x, y, maxWidth, lineHeight);
     }

     $(document).ready(function () {

         $("#text").keyup(function () {
             DrawText();
         });

     });

    </script>

c我的画布的ID 在哪里,是text我的文本框的ID.

你可能会看到我使用的是非标准字体.只要你在操作画布的某些文本上使用了字体,就可以使用@ font-face - 否则画布将不会拾取字体.

希望这有助于某人.

Answer 4

将文本拆分为线条,并分别绘制:

function fillTextMultiLine(ctx, text, x, y) {
  var lineHeight = ctx.measureText("M").width * 1.2;
  var lines = text.split("\n");
  for (var i = 0; i < lines.length; ++i) {
    ctx.fillText(lines[i], x, y);
    y += lineHeight;
  }
}

Answer 5

这是我的解决方案,修改了此处已经介绍过的流行的wrapText()函数.我正在使用JavaScript的原型设计功能,以便您可以从画布上下文中调用该函数.

CanvasRenderingContext2D.prototype.wrapText = function (text, x, y, maxWidth, lineHeight) {

    var lines = text.split("\n");

    for (var i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {

        var words = lines[i].split(' ');
        var line = '';

        for (var n = 0; n < words.length; n++) {
            var testLine = line + words[n] + ' ';
            var metrics = this.measureText(testLine);
            var testWidth = metrics.width;
            if (testWidth > maxWidth && n > 0) {
                this.fillText(line, x, y);
                line = words[n] + ' ';
                y += lineHeight;
            }
            else {
                line = testLine;
            }
        }

        this.fillText(line, x, y);
        y += lineHeight;
    }
}

基本用法:

var myCanvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = myCanvas.getContext("2d");
ctx.fillStyle = "black";
ctx.font = "12px sans-serif";
ctx.textBaseline = "top";
ctx.wrapText("Hello\nWorld!",20,20,160,16);

这是我放在一起的演示:http: //jsfiddle.net/7RdbL/

Answer 6

我只是扩展了CanvasRenderingContext2D,添加了两个函数:mlFillText和mlStrokeText.

您可以在GitHub中找到最新版本:

使用此功能,您可以在框中填充/描边miltiline文本.您可以将文本与verticaly和horizo​​ntaly对齐.(它考虑了\n并且也可以证明文本的合理性).

原型是:

function mlFillText(text,x,y,w,h,vAlign,hAlign,lineheight); function mlStrokeText(text,x,y,w,h,vAlign,hAlign,lineheight);

其中vAlign可以是:"top","center"或"button"和hAlign可以是:"left","center","right"或"justify"

你可以在这里测试一下lib:http://jsfiddle.net/4WRZj/1/

这是库的代码:

// Library: mltext.js
// Desciption: Extends the CanvasRenderingContext2D that adds two functions: mlFillText and mlStrokeText.
//
// The prototypes are: 
//
// function mlFillText(text,x,y,w,h,vAlign,hAlign,lineheight);
// function mlStrokeText(text,x,y,w,h,vAlign,hAlign,lineheight);
// 
// Where vAlign can be: "top", "center" or "button"
// And hAlign can be: "left", "center", "right" or "justify"
// Author: Jordi Baylina. (baylina at uniclau.com)
// License: GPL
// Date: 2013-02-21

function mlFunction(text, x, y, w, h, hAlign, vAlign, lineheight, fn) {
    text = text.replace(/[\n]/g, " \n ");
    text = text.replace(/\r/g, "");
    var words = text.split(/[ ]+/);
    var sp = this.measureText(' ').width;
    var lines = [];
    var actualline = 0;
    var actualsize = 0;
    var wo;
    lines[actualline] = {};
    lines[actualline].Words = [];
    i = 0;
    while (i < words.length) {
        var word = words[i];
        if (word == "\n") {
            lines[actualline].EndParagraph = true;
            actualline++;
            actualsize = 0;
            lines[actualline] = {};
            lines[actualline].Words = [];
            i++;
        } else {
            wo = {};
            wo.l = this.measureText(word).width;
            if (actualsize === 0) {
                while (wo.l > w) {
                    word = word.slice(0, word.length - 1);
                    wo.l = this.measureText(word).width;
                }
                if (word === "") return; // I can't fill a single character
                wo.word = word;
                lines[actualline].Words.push(wo);
                actualsize = wo.l;
                if (word != words[i]) {
                    words[i] = words[i].slice(word.length, words[i].length);
                } else {
                    i++;
                }
            } else {
                if (actualsize + sp + wo.l > w) {
                    lines[actualline].EndParagraph = false;
                    actualline++;
                    actualsize = 0;
                    lines[actualline] = {};
                    lines[actualline].Words = [];
                } else {
                    wo.word = word;
                    lines[actualline].Words.push(wo);
                    actualsize += sp + wo.l;
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    if (actualsize === 0) lines[actualline].pop();
    lines[actualline].EndParagraph = true;

    var totalH = lineheight * lines.length;
    while (totalH > h) {
        lines.pop();
        totalH = lineheight * lines.length;
    }

    var yy;
    if (vAlign == "bottom") {
        yy = y + h - totalH + lineheight;
    } else if (vAlign == "center") {
        yy = y + h / 2 - totalH / 2 + lineheight;
    } else {
        yy = y + lineheight;
    }

    var oldTextAlign = this.textAlign;
    this.textAlign = "left";

    for (var li in lines) {
        var totallen = 0;
        var xx, usp;
        for (wo in lines[li].Words) totallen += lines[li].Words[wo].l;
        if (hAlign == "center") {
            usp = sp;
            xx = x + w / 2 - (totallen + sp * (lines[li].Words.length - 1)) / 2;
        } else if ((hAlign == "justify") && (!lines[li].EndParagraph)) {
            xx = x;
            usp = (w - totallen) / (lines[li].Words.length - 1);
        } else if (hAlign == "right") {
            xx = x + w - (totallen + sp * (lines[li].Words.length - 1));
            usp = sp;
        } else { // left
            xx = x;
            usp = sp;
        }
        for (wo in lines[li].Words) {
            if (fn == "fillText") {
                this.fillText(lines[li].Words[wo].word, xx, yy);
            } else if (fn == "strokeText") {
                this.strokeText(lines[li].Words[wo].word, xx, yy);
            }
            xx += lines[li].Words[wo].l + usp;
        }
        yy += lineheight;
    }
    this.textAlign = oldTextAlign;
}

(function mlInit() {
    CanvasRenderingContext2D.prototype.mlFunction = mlFunction;

    CanvasRenderingContext2D.prototype.mlFillText = function (text, x, y, w, h, vAlign, hAlign, lineheight) {
        this.mlFunction(text, x, y, w, h, hAlign, vAlign, lineheight, "fillText");
    };

    CanvasRenderingContext2D.prototype.mlStrokeText = function (text, x, y, w, h, vAlign, hAlign, lineheight) {
        this.mlFunction(text, x, y, w, h, hAlign, vAlign, lineheight, "strokeText");
    };
})();

以下是使用示例:

var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");

var T = "This is a very long line line with a CR at the end.\n This is the second line.\nAnd this is the last line.";
var lh = 12;

ctx.lineWidth = 1;

ctx.mlFillText(T, 10, 10, 100, 100, 'top', 'left', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(10, 10, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 110, 10, 100, 100, 'top', 'center', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(110, 10, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 210, 10, 100, 100, 'top', 'right', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(210, 10, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 310, 10, 100, 100, 'top', 'justify', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(310, 10, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 10, 110, 100, 100, 'center', 'left', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(10, 110, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 110, 110, 100, 100, 'center', 'center', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(110, 110, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 210, 110, 100, 100, 'center', 'right', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(210, 110, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 310, 110, 100, 100, 'center', 'justify', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(310, 110, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 10, 210, 100, 100, 'bottom', 'left', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(10, 210, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 110, 210, 100, 100, 'bottom', 'center', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(110, 210, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 210, 210, 100, 100, 'bottom', 'right', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(210, 210, 100, 100);

ctx.mlFillText(T, 310, 210, 100, 100, 'bottom', 'justify', lh);
ctx.strokeRect(310, 210, 100, 100);

ctx.mlStrokeText("Yo can also use mlStrokeText!", 0 , 310 , 420, 30, 'center', 'center', lh);

Answer 7

使用javascript我开发了一个解决方案.它不漂亮,但它对我有用:

function drawMultilineText(){

    // set context and formatting   
    var context = document.getElementById("canvas").getContext('2d');
    context.font = fontStyleStr;
    context.textAlign = "center";
    context.textBaseline = "top";
    context.fillStyle = "#000000";

    // prepare textarea value to be drawn as multiline text.
    var textval = document.getElementByID("textarea").value;
    var textvalArr = toMultiLine(textval);
    var linespacing = 25;
    var startX = 0;
    var startY = 0;

    // draw each line on canvas. 
    for(var i = 0; i < textvalArr.length; i++){
        context.fillText(textvalArr[i], x, y);
        y += linespacing;
    }
}

// Creates an array where the <br/> tag splits the values.
function toMultiLine(text){
   var textArr = new Array();
   text = text.replace(/\n\r?/g, '<br/>');
   textArr = text.split("<br/>");
   return textArr;
}

希望有所帮助!

Answer 8

我在这里为这个场景创建了一个小库：Canvas-Txt

它以多行形式呈现文本，并提供不错的对齐模式。

为了使用它，您需要安装它或使用 CDN。

安装

npm install canvas-txt --save

JavaScript

npm install canvas-txt --save

这将在不可见框中呈现文本，其位置/尺寸为：

import canvasTxt from 'canvas-txt'

var c = document.getElementById('myCanvas')
var ctx = c.getContext('2d')

var txt = 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet'

canvasTxt.fontSize = 24

canvasTxt.drawText(ctx, txt, 100, 200, 200, 200)

示例小提琴

{ x: 100, y: 200, height: 200, width: 200 }

/* https://github.com/geongeorge/Canvas-Txt  */

const canvasTxt = window.canvasTxt.default;
const ctx = document.getElementById('myCanvas').getContext('2d');

const txt = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet";
const bounds = { width: 240, height: 80 };

let origin = { x: ctx.canvas.width / 2, y: ctx.canvas.height / 2, };
let offset = { x: origin.x - (bounds.width / 2), y: origin.y - (bounds.height / 2) };

canvasTxt.fontSize = 20;

ctx.fillStyle = '#C1A700';
ctx.fillRect(offset.x, offset.y, bounds.width, bounds.height);

ctx.fillStyle = '#FFFFFF';
canvasTxt.drawText(ctx, txt, offset.x, offset.y, bounds.width, bounds.height);

body {
  background: #111;
}

canvas {
  border: 1px solid #333;
  background: #222; /* Could alternatively be painted on the canvas */
}

Answer 9

@Gaby Petrioli提供的自动换行(空格分解)代码非常有用.我扩展了他的代码以提供对换行符的支持\n.此外,通常情况下,使用边界框的尺寸很有用,因此multiMeasureText()返回宽度和高度.

你可以在这里看到代码:http://jsfiddle.net/jeffchan/WHgaY/76/

Answer 10

这里是科林的一个版本wrapText()还支持垂直居中文本用context.textBaseline = 'middle'：

var wrapText = function (context, text, x, y, maxWidth, lineHeight) {
    var paragraphs = text.split("\n");
    var textLines = [];

    // Loop through paragraphs
    for (var p = 0; p < paragraphs.length; p++) {
        var line = "";
        var words = paragraphs[p].split(" ");
        // Loop through words
        for (var w = 0; w < words.length; w++) {
            var testLine = line + words[w] + " ";
            var metrics = context.measureText(testLine);
            var testWidth = metrics.width;
            // Make a line break if line is too long
            if (testWidth > maxWidth) {
                textLines.push(line.trim());
                line = words[w] + " ";
            }
            else {
                line = testLine;
            }
        }
        textLines.push(line.trim());
    }

    // Move text up if centered vertically
    if (context.textBaseline === 'middle')
        y = y - ((textLines.length-1) * lineHeight) / 2;

    // Render text on canvas
    for (var tl = 0; tl < textLines.length; tl++) {
        context.fillText(textLines[tl], x, y);
        y += lineHeight;
    }
};

Answer 11

如果只需要两行文本，则可以将它们分为两个不同的fillText调用，并为每个文本指定不同的基线。

ctx.textBaseline="bottom";
ctx.fillText("First line", x-position, y-position);
ctx.textBaseline="top";
ctx.fillText("Second line", x-position, y-position);