Django Rest Framework-发布外键

Question

我是Django Rest Framework的新手，并查看了一些教程。现在，我试图创建自己的结构，如下所示。我想创建一个可以的用户，然后分别创建一个配置文件。

models.py

class User(models.Model):

  name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  surname = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  facebook_id = models.TextField(null=True)
  is_sms_verified = models.BooleanField(default=False)
  created = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
  updated = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
  status = models.BooleanField(default=1)

 def __str__(self):
  return self.name+" "+self.surname

class Profile(models.Model):

  user = models.ForeignKey('User',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
  email = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  birthday = models.DateField(null=True)
  bio = models.TextField(null=True)
  points = models.IntegerField(default=0)
  created = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
  updated = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)

  def __str__(self):
   return self.user.name+ " " + self.user.surname

serializers.py

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

  class Meta:
    model=User
    fields = ('id','name','surname','facebook_id','is_sms_verified',)
    read_only_fields = ('created','updated')

class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  user = UserSerializer(read_only=True)

  class Meta:
    model=Profile
    fields=('id','user','email','birthday','bio','points')
    read_only_fields = ('created','updated')

views.py

@api_view(['POST'])
def profile_create(request):
  serializer = ProfileSerializer(data=request.data)
  if serializer.is_valid():
    serializer.save()
    return JsonResponse(serializer.data, status = status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
  return JsonResponse(serializer.errors , status= status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

我要发布的数据

{
  "user_id": {
      "id": 2
   },
  "email": "xxx@gmail.com",
  "birthday": "1991-05-28",
  "bio": "qudur",
  "points": 31
}

我得到的错误；

NOT NULL constraint failed: core_profile.user_id

我在哪里做错了？谢谢！

Answer 1

您ProfileSerializer有user作为readonly。所以你需要改变它。我建议这样做

class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model=Profile
        fields=('id','user','email','birthday','gender','bio','points')
        read_only_fields = ('created','updated')

    def to_representation(self, instance):
        self.fields['user'] =  UserSerializer(read_only=True)
        return super(ProfileSerializer, self).to_representation(instance)

如果这样做，您可以提供userPOST的纯ID

{
  "user": 2,
  "email": "xxx@gmail.com",
  "birthday": "1991-05-28",
  "bio": "qudur",
  "points": 31
}

当您读取数据时，它将如下所示

{
  "user": {
    "id": 2,
    "name": "Name",
    "surname": "Surname",
    ...
  },
  "email": "xxx@gmail.com",
  "birthday": "1991-05-28",
  "bio": "qudur",
  "points": 31
}