Lin*_*gxi 12 c++ memory-management allocator c++-standard-library c++17
相关:为什么标准容器需要allocator_type :: value_type作为元素类型?
据说自C++ 17以来已经弃用了以下内容:
template<>
struct allocator<void>;
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我想知道它是否已被弃用,因为现在只能使用主模板allocator<void>
,或者allocator<void>
不推荐使用用例.
如果是后者,我想知道为什么.我认为allocator<void>
在指定未绑定到特定类型的分配器时非常有用(所以只需要一些模式/元数据).
这并不是已std::allocator<void>
被弃用,只是它不是一个明确的专业化。
它曾经的样子是这样的:
template<class T>
struct allocator {
typedef T value_type;
typedef T* pointer;
typedef const T* const_pointer;
// These would be an error if T is void, as you can't have a void reference
typedef T& reference;
typedef const T& const_reference;
template<class U>
struct rebind {
typedef allocator<U> other;
}
// Along with other stuff, like size_type, difference_type, allocate, deallocate, etc.
}
template<>
struct allocator<void> {
typedef void value_type;
typedef void* pointer;
typedef const void* const_pointer;
template<class U>
struct rebind {
typdef allocator<U> other;
}
// That's it. Nothing else.
// No error for having a void&, since there is no void&.
}
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现在,由于std::allocator<T>::reference
和std::allocator<T>::const_reference
已被弃用,因此不需要对void
. 您可以只使用std::allocator<void>
, 以及std::allocator_traits<std::allocator<void>>::template rebind<U>
get std::allocator<U>
,但无法实例化std::allocator<void>::allocates
。
例如:
template<class Alloc = std::allocator<void>>
class my_class; // allowed
int main() {
using void_allocator = std::allocator<void>;
using void_allocator_traits = std::allocator_traits<void_allocator>;
using char_allocator = void_allocator_traits::template rebind_alloc<char>;
static_assert(std::is_same<char_allocator, std::allocator<char>>::value, "Always works");
// This is allowed
void_allocator alloc;
// These are not. Taking the address of the function or calling it
// implicitly instantiates it, which means that sizeof(void) has
// to be evaluated, which is undefined.
void* (void_allocator::* allocate_mfun)(std::size_t) = &void_allocator::allocate;
void_allocator_traits::allocate(alloc, 1); // calls:
alloc.allocate(1);
}
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