在Dockerfile中安装熊猫

Question

我正在尝试创建Docker映像。Dockerfile如下：

# Use the official Python 3.6.5 image
FROM python:3.6.5-alpine3.7

# Set the working directory to /app
WORKDIR /app

# Get the 
COPY requirements.txt /app
RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Configuring access to Jupyter
RUN mkdir /notebooks
RUN jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip 0.0.0.0 --port 8888 /notebooks

requirements.txt文件为：

jupyter
numpy==1.14.3
pandas==0.23.0rc2
scipy==1.0.1
scikit-learn==0.19.1
pillow==5.1.1
matplotlib==2.2.2
seaborn==0.8.1

docker build -t standard .当docker尝试安装熊猫时，运行命令给我一个错误。错误如下：

Collecting pandas==0.23.0rc2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/46/5c/a883712dad8484ef907a2f42992b122acf2bcecbb5c2aa751d1033908502/pandas-0.23.0rc2.tar.gz (12.5MB)
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    /bin/sh: svnversion: not found
    /bin/sh: svnversion: not found
    non-existing path in 'numpy/distutils': 'site.cfg'
    Could not locate executable gfortran
    ... (loads of other stuff)
    Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-xb6f6a5o/pandas/
The command '/bin/sh -c pip3 install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt' returned a non-zero code: 1

当我尝试安装较低版本的pandas == 0.22.0时，出现此错误：

Step 5/7 : RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
 ---> Running in 5810ea896689
Collecting jupyter (from -r requirements.txt (line 1))
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/83/df/0f5dd132200728a86190397e1ea87cd76244e42d39ec5e88efd25b2abd7e/jupyter-1.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting numpy==1.14.3 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2))
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b0/2b/497c2bb7c660b2606d4a96e2035e92554429e139c6c71cdff67af66b58d2/numpy-1.14.3.zip (4.9MB)
Collecting pandas==0.22.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/08/01/803834bc8a4e708aedebb133095a88a4dad9f45bbaf5ad777d2bea543c7e/pandas-0.22.0.tar.gz (11.3MB)
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement Cython (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for Cython
The command '/bin/sh -c pip3 install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt' returned a non-zero code: 1

我也尝试在熊猫之前安装Cyphon和setuptools，但No matching distribution found for Cython在pip3 install pandas行中却给出了相同的错误。

我如何安装熊猫。

Answer 1

我意识到这个问题已经得到回答，但我最近在 dockerized 项目中遇到了类似的 numpy 和 pandas 依赖问题。话虽如此，我希望这会对将来的某人有所帮助。

我的解决方案：

正如Aviv Sela指出的那样，Alpine 默认不包含构建工具，需要通过 Dockerfile 添加。因此，请参阅下面我的 Dockerfile，其中包含在 Alpine 上成功安装容器所需的 numpy 和 pandas 所需的构建包。

FROM python:3.6-alpine3.7

RUN apk add --no-cache --update \
    python3 python3-dev gcc \
    gfortran musl-dev g++ \
    libffi-dev openssl-dev \
    libxml2 libxml2-dev \
    libxslt libxslt-dev \
    libjpeg-turbo-dev zlib-dev

RUN pip install --upgrade pip

ADD requirements.txt .
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

要求.txt

numpy==1.17.1
pandas==0.25.1

编辑：

在升级 pip RUN 命令之前，将以下（下面的代码片段）添加到 Dockerfile。正如Bishwas Mishra在评论中指出的那样，这对于成功安装 pandas 至关重要。

RUN pip install --upgrade cython

Answer 2

默认情况下，Alpine不包含构建工具。安装构建工具并为语言环境创建符号链接：

$ apk add --update curl gcc g++
$ ln -s /usr/include/locale.h /usr/include/xlocale.h
$ pip install numpy

基于https://wired-world.com/?p=100

Answer 3

我现在可以创建 Docker 镜像了。和 pandas之间肯定存在一些版本不兼容的情况FROM python:3.6.5-alpine3.7。我将Python版本更改为FROM python:3，然后它工作正常（还必须将pillow版本降级为5.1.0）。