如何使用 RWMutex 和升级锁

Mat*_*att 5 go

我正在尝试实现访问地图的模式,该模式允许多个读者和只有一个作者,并且密钥仅写入一次地图。

我想确保密钥(如果存在)只被放入地图一次。然后一旦添加了键,读者就会从地图中获取值。

它认为这是正确的,尽管主线程可以在所有 goroutine 完成之前退出,因此我并不总是看到 10 Exit 的打印。这是正确的实施模式吗?

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "sync"
    "time"
)

var downloads map[string]*sync.WaitGroup
var downloadsLock sync.RWMutex

func concurrentAccessTest() {
    // Acquire the read lock to check if the items is already there.
    downloadsLock.RLock()
    if wg, ok := downloads["item"]; ok {
        // Item exists
        downloadsLock.RUnlock()
        wg.Wait()
    } else {
        downloadsLock.RUnlock()

        fmt.Println("Upgrade Lock")
        // Item does not exist we need to add it to the map
        downloadsLock.Lock()
        fmt.Println("Writer lock obtained")
        // Check another thread hasn't gone down this path and added the item to the map
        if wg, ok := downloads["item"]; ok {
            // Item exists, no need to add it, unlock and wait
            downloadsLock.Unlock()
            wg.Wait()
            fmt.Println("Ok, now we can proceed")
        } else {
            // We are first in. Add and unlock
            wg = &sync.WaitGroup{}
            downloads["item"] = wg
            downloadsLock.Unlock()

            wg.Add(1)

            fmt.Println("Do some time consuming stuff!")
            time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
            wg.Done()
        }
    }

    fmt.Println("Exit")
}

func main() {
    downloads = make(map[string]*sync.WaitGroup)

    // Add to the map
    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        go concurrentAccessTest()
    }

    concurrentAccessTest()

    // Wait for all threads to exit
    fmt.Println("Done!")
}
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sup*_*ell 1

正如您的代码所示,无法从读取锁定升级为写入锁定,您必须释放读取锁定,然后获取写入锁定。

我认为你已经很接近了,它本身的使用看起来很好,但是我相信你在释放锁后RWMutex调用时存在潜在的问题。wg.Add(1)其他 goroutine 之一有可能会从映射中读取 WaitGroup 并在执行对 Add() 的调用之前调用 Wait(),根据 WaitGroup 文档,这是一个问题。文档说Note that calls with a positive delta that occur when the counter is zero must happen before a Wait.您可以通过将wg.Add(1)调用移到 Unlock() 之前轻松解决此问题