docker-compose 与来自 sql 转储的多个 postgres 数据库

Question

我知道这看起来像是docker-compose 与多个数据库的重复，但在通过答案后我仍然无法让它工作。

这是我的docker-compose.yml：

version: '3'
services:
  backend:
    image: backend:1.0
    build: ./backend
    ports:
      - "9090:9090"
    depends_on:
      - db
      - ppt
    environment:
      - DATABASE_HOST=db
  db:
    image: main_db:26.03.18
    restart: always
    build: ./db
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"
  ppt:
    image: ppt_generator:1.0
    build: ./ppt
    ports:
      - "6060:6060"
  login:
    image: login:1.0
    build: ./login
    ports:
      - "7070:7070"
    depends_on:
      - login_db
  login_db:
    image: login_db:27.04.2018
    restart: always
    build: ./login_db
    ports:
      - "5433:5433"

请注意，我在端口 5433 上有一个数据库，另一个在 5432 上。但是，当我docker ps在启动容器后运行时，我得到以下信息。我不完全了解端口发生了什么。

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                              NAMES
997f816ddff3        backend:1.0           "/bin/sh -c 'pytho..."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp             backendservices_backend_1
759546109a66        login:1.0             "/bin/sh -c 'pytho..."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:7070->7070/tcp, 9090/tcp   backendservices_login_1
a2a26b72dd0c        login_db:27.04.2018   "docker-entrypoint..."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   5432/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5433->5433/tcp   backendservices_login_db_1
3f97de7fc41e        main_db:26.03.18   "docker-entrypoint..."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:5432->5432/tcp             backendservices_db_1
1a61e741ccba        ppt_generator:1.0     "/bin/sh -c 'pytho..."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:6060->6060/tcp             backendservices_ppt_1

除了我公开的端口号外，我的两个 db dockerfiles 基本相同：

FROM postgres:9.6.3
ENV POSTGRES_USER ludo
ENV POSTGRES_PASSWORD password
ENV POSTGRES_DB login
EXPOSE 5433

ADD db_dump.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

这是我得到的错误：

backend_1   | Traceback (most recent call last):
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2147, in _wrap_pool_connect
backend_1   |     return fn()
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 387, in connect
backend_1   |     return _ConnectionFairy._checkout(self)
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 766, in _checkout
backend_1   |     fairy = _ConnectionRecord.checkout(pool)
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 516, in checkout
backend_1   |     rec = pool._do_get()
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 1138, in _do_get
backend_1   |     self._dec_overflow()
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 66, in __exit__
backend_1   |     compat.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 187, in reraise
backend_1   |     raise value
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 1135, in _do_get
backend_1   |     return self._create_connection()
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 333, in _create_connection
backend_1   |     return _ConnectionRecord(self)
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 461, in __init__
backend_1   |     self.__connect(first_connect_check=True)
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 651, in __connect
backend_1   |     connection = pool._invoke_creator(self)
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py", line 105, in connect
backend_1   |     return dialect.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 393, in connect
backend_1   |     return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
backend_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 130, in connect
backend_1   |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
backend_1   | psycopg2.OperationalError: could not connect to server: Connection refused
backend_1   |   Is the server running on host "localhost" (127.0.0.1) and accepting
backend_1   |   TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
backend_1   | could not connect to server: Cannot assign requested address
backend_1   |   Is the server running on host "localhost" (::1) and accepting
backend_1   |   TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
backend_1   | 

为什么数据库不在端口 5432 上运行？当我只有一个数据库时它曾经工作，现在有两个它似乎很困惑......？

更新 我可以分别在本地端口 5432 和 5433 上访问数据库。但是，从我的后端容器我不能。我的后端容器似乎没有收到在端口 5432 上运行的任何内容。如何使 db 容器端口 5432 对后端容器可见？

Answer 1

更新

经过大量摆弄后，我开始工作了。正如@Iarwa1n 建议的那样，您将一个 db 映射为如此"5432:5432"，另一个如此映射"5433:5432"。我遇到的错误是由于我如何从应用程序本身调用 postgres。重要的是要意识到 postgres 主机不再是 localhost，而是您在 docker-compose.yaml 中为数据库服务提供的任何名称。就我而言；db为了backend和login_db为了login服务。此外，我不得不将我的驱动程序从 更改postgresql为postgres– 不知道为什么会这样……

因此，我的 db_url 最终在我的 python 后端应用程序中看起来像这样：

postgres://ludo:password@db:5432/main_db

并以这种方式定义：

DATABASE_CONFIG = {
    'driver': 'postgres',
    'host': 'db',
    'user': 'ludo',
    'password': 'password',
    'port': 5432,
    'dbname': main_db
}
db_url = '{driver}://{user}:{password}@{host}:{port}/{dbname}'.format(database_config)

有两点需要注意：

1) 不管你如何映射你的端口，你总是必须从你的应用程序中连接到 postgres 默认端口 5432

2）如果您正在使用 requests python 库（就像我一样），那么请确保也适当地更改 url。例如，我有一个通过请求库调用的 ppt 服务，我不得不将 url 更改为： 'http://ppt:6060/api/getPpt'而不是'http://localhost:6060/api/getPpt'