得到已经触发一些信号的过程的pid

Question

是否有可能找出引起某些信号的过程的进程ID.在我的场景中,我有一个进程正在运行的多个子节点,我想知道它们中的哪一个发送了信号.

Answer 1

(最后!)使用python 3非常简单.

以下是使用python 3.3.3测试的:

#! /usr/bin/python3

import signal
import time, os

def callme(num, frame):
    pass

# register the callback:
signal.signal(signal.SIGUSR1, callme)

print("py: Hi, I'm %d, talk to me with 'kill -SIGUSR1 %d'"
      % (os.getpid(),os.getpid()))

# wait for signal info:
while True:
    siginfo = signal.sigwaitinfo({signal.SIGUSR1})
    print("py: got %d from %d by user %d\n" % (siginfo.si_signo,
                                             siginfo.si_pid,
                                             siginfo.si_uid))

Answer 2

POSIX Linux 确实提供了这些信息,请查看man sigaction(2):http://linux.die.net/man/2/sigaction

在C中,我设法让它轻松运行:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>

static void my_handler(int signum, siginfo_t *siginfo, void *context) {
    printf("Got signal '%d' from process '%d' of user '%d'\n",
        signum, siginfo->si_pid, siginfo->si_uid);
}

int main(void) {
    struct sigaction act;
    memset(&act, '\0', sizeof(act));
    act.sa_sigaction = &my_handler;
    act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
    sigaction(SIGUSR1, &act, NULL);
    printf("Hi, my pid is %d\ntalk to me with 'kill -SIGUSR1 %d'\n", getpid(), getpid());
    while(1)
        sleep(1000);
    return 0;
}

与我的3.1.6 vanilla内核和gcc 4.4.5一起工作得很好 - 但我在python中找不到任何支持.

所以我开始尝试自己构建一些东西(但是因为我之前从未做过C/Python-Interaction,所以它可能在某种程度上扭曲了......)

我或多或少地接近http://docs.python.org/extending/extending.html上的示例并根据http://docs.python.org/extending/building.html#building构建模块

sigpidmodule.c

#include <Python.h>
#include <signal.h>

static PyObject *callback = NULL;

static void direct_handler(int signum, siginfo_t *siginfo, void *context) {
    int pid = (int) siginfo->si_pid;
    printf("c: Signal reached c handler: signum=%d, pid=%d, handler=%p\n", 
        signum, pid, callback);
    if ( callback != NULL ) {
        PyObject *arglist = Py_BuildValue("(i,i)", signum, pid);
        printf("c: calling python callback\n");
        PyObject *result = PyObject_CallObject(callback, arglist);
        // decrease reference counter
        Py_DECREF(arglist);
        Py_DECREF(result);
    }
}

static PyObject *sigpid_register(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
    PyObject *result = NULL;
    PyObject *temp;
    if ( PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O:set_callback", &temp) ) {
        if ( !PyCallable_Check(temp) ) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "parameter must be callable");
            return NULL;
        }
    }
    Py_XINCREF(temp);     // inc refcount on new callback
    Py_XDECREF(callback); // dec refcount on old callback
    callback = temp;      // replace old callback with new
    printf("c: callback now: %p\n", (void *) callback);
    // return None
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}

static PyObject *sigpid_ping(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
    if ( callback != NULL ) {
        PyObject *arglist = Py_BuildValue("(i,i)", 42, 23);
        printf("c: calling callback...\n");
        PyObject *result = PyObject_CallObject(callback, arglist);
        // decrease ref counters
        Py_DECREF(arglist);
        Py_DECREF(result);
    }
    // return None:
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}

static PyMethodDef SigPidMethods[] = {
    {"register", sigpid_register, METH_VARARGS, "Register callback for SIGUSR1"},
    {"ping", sigpid_ping, METH_VARARGS, "Test if callback is working"},
    {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL},
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC initsigpid(void) {
    // initialize module:
    (void) Py_InitModule("sigpid", SigPidMethods);
    // set sighandler:
    struct sigaction act;
    memset(&act, '\0', sizeof(act));
    act.sa_sigaction = &direct_handler;
    act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
    sigaction(SIGUSR1, &act, NULL);
}

用于构建模块的setup.py:

from distutils.core import setup, Extension

module1 = Extension('sigpid', sources= ['sigpidmodule.c'])

setup (name='SigPid', version='1.0', 
    description='SigPidingStuff', 
    ext_modules = [module1])

用它构建模块

python setup.py build

所以,仍然缺少的是使用模块的python脚本:test.py

import sigpid
import time, os

def callme(num, pid):
    '''
    Callback function to be called from c module
    '''
    print "py: got %d from %d\n" % (num, pid)

# register the callback:
sigpid.register(callme)

print "py: Hi, I'm %d, talk to me with 'kill -SIGUSR1 %d'" %(os.getpid(),os.getpid())
# wait for signal while doing nothing:
while True:
    time.sleep(1)

一切都很好......直到:

python test.py

或者我必须实际调用它以使lib正确:

PYTHONPATH=build/lib.linux-i686-2.6 python test.py

输出:

c: callback now: 0xb744f534
py: Hi, I'm 2255, talk to me with 'kill -SIGUSR1 2255'
(from other term: kill -SIGUSR1 2255)
c: Signal reached c handler: signum=10, pid=2948, handler=0xb744f534
c: calling python callback
Segmentation fault

我不知道为什么我会遇到这个段错误,而且我的想法已经用完了.我想它必须与c和python的交互方式有关(我可以想到一些原因,但这只是猜测).也许在c-python-interaction方面有更多经验的人可以在这里提供帮助(或至少解释一下,究竟是什么问题).我们可能有办法在那里解决问题,至少在linux上.