使用ASP.NET MVC Core将数据从数据库注入到类中

Question

我想从数据库中注入一些电子邮件配置数据到命名的配置类AuthMessageSenderOptions,这个类有以下属性:

public class AuthMessageSenderOptions
{
    public int PortNumber { get; set; }
    public string SmtpServer { get; set; }
    public string UserName { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
}

为了将配置细节注入appsettings.json到AuthMessageSenderOptions类中,我使用以下代码Startup.cs:

services.Configure<AuthMessageSenderOptions>(Configuration.GetSection("SMTP"));

现在我的问题是:

如何从数据库中读取这些数据而不是appsettings.json将它们注入我的AuthMessageSenderOptions课程以供将来使用？

Answer 1

您可以通过创建实现接口的类IConfigurationSource并通过继承来实现自定义配置提供程序来创建自定义配置源ConfigurationProvider.

首先,创建一个配置源来使用实体框架初始化数据源:

public class CustomMailConfigSource: IConfigurationSource
{
    private readonly Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder> _dbOptions;

    public CustomMailConfigSource(Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder> dbOptions)
    {
        _dbOptions = dbOptions;
    }

    public IConfigurationProvider Build(IConfigurationBuilder builder)
    {
        return new CustomMailConfigProvider(_dbOptions);
    }
}

然后,实现自定义配置提供程序:

public class CustomMailConfigProvider: ConfigurationProvider
{
    public CustomMailConfigProvider(Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder> dbOptions)
    {
        DbOptions = dbOptions;
    }

    Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder> DbOptions { get; }

    public override void Load()
    {
        var builder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<ConfigurationContext>();
        DbOptions(builder);

        using (var dbContext = new ConfigurationContext(builder.Options))
        {
            dbContext.Database.EnsureCreated();
            //Modify this to suit your needs, here is an example assuming you have a table called AuthMessageSenderOption with the same fields as the class in your question
            var authMessageSender = db.Context.AuthMessageSenders.FirstOrDefault();

            // You should add some code here to check if the settings exist and provide defaults if necessary

            Data = new Dictionary<string, string>
            {
                { "PortNumber", authMessageSenderOption.PortNumber},
                { "SmtpServer", authMessageSenderOption.SmtpServer },
                { "UserName", authMessageSenderOption.UserName},
                { "Password", authMessageSenderOption.Password}
            };
        }
    }
}

最后,您需要注册自定义配置提供程序.

创建IConfigurationBuilder扩展:

public static class CustomProviderExtensions
{
    public static IConfigurationBuilder AddCustomMailConfigProvider(
        this IConfigurationBuilder builder, Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder> dbOptions)
    {
        return builder.Add(new CustomMailConfigSource(dbOptions));
    }
}

Main()使用刚刚创建的扩展名在方法中注册提供程序:

var config = new ConfigurationBuilder()
        .SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
        // Add "appsettings.json" to bootstrap EF config.
        .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json")
        // Add the EF configuration provider, which will override any
        // config made with the JSON provider.
        .AddCustomMailConfigProvider(dbOptions =>
            dbOptions .UseSqlServer(connectionStringConfig.GetConnectionString(
                "DefaultConnection"))
        )
        .Build();

参考文献:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/fundamentals/configuration/?tabs=basicconfiguration

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.ConfigurationProvider?view=aspnetcore-2.0