dra*_*ank 135 .net c# serialization dictionary
扩展我之前的问题,我决定(de)序列化我的配置文件类,它运行得很好.
我现在想存储驱动器盘符映射关联数组(关键是驱动器号,值是网络路径)和使用都试过Dictionary,HybridDictionary和Hashtable打电话时的这一点,但我总是得到下面的错误ConfigFile.Load()或者ConfigFile.Save():
反映类型'App.ConfigFile'时出错.[snip] System.NotSupportedException:无法序列化成员App.Configfile.mappedDrives [snip]
从我读过的词典和HashTables可以被序列化,所以我做错了什么？
[XmlRoot(ElementName="Config")]
public class ConfigFile
{
public String guiPath { get; set; }
public string configPath { get; set; }
public Dictionary<string, string> mappedDrives = new Dictionary<string, string>();
public Boolean Save(String filename)
{
using(var filestream = File.Open(filename, FileMode.OpenOrCreate,FileAccess.ReadWrite))
{
try
{
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ConfigFile));
serializer.Serialize(filestream, this);
return true;
} catch(Exception e) {
MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
return false;
}
}
}
public void addDrive(string drvLetter, string path)
{
this.mappedDrives.Add(drvLetter, path);
}
public static ConfigFile Load(string filename)
{
using (var filestream = File.Open(filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
try
{
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ConfigFile));
return (ConfigFile)serializer.Deserialize(filestream);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message + ex.ToString());
return new ConfigFile();
}
}
}
}
小智 178
Paul Welter的Weblog - XML Serializable Generic Dictionary有一个解决方案
出于某种原因,.net 2.0中的通用字典不是XML可序列化的.以下代码段是xml可序列化的通用字典.通过实现IXmlSerializable接口,字典是可序列化的.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
[XmlRoot("dictionary")]
public class SerializableDictionary<TKey, TValue>
: Dictionary<TKey, TValue>, IXmlSerializable
{
public SerializableDictionary() { }
public SerializableDictionary(IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dictionary) : base(dictionary) { }
public SerializableDictionary(IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dictionary, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer) : base(dictionary, comparer) { }
public SerializableDictionary(IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer) : base(comparer) { }
public SerializableDictionary(int capacity) : base(capacity) { }
public SerializableDictionary(int capacity, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer) : base(capacity, comparer) { }
#region IXmlSerializable Members
public System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema GetSchema()
{
return null;
}
public void ReadXml(System.Xml.XmlReader reader)
{
XmlSerializer keySerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TKey));
XmlSerializer valueSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TValue));
bool wasEmpty = reader.IsEmptyElement;
reader.Read();
if (wasEmpty)
return;
while (reader.NodeType != System.Xml.XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
reader.ReadStartElement("item");
reader.ReadStartElement("key");
TKey key = (TKey)keySerializer.Deserialize(reader);
reader.ReadEndElement();
reader.ReadStartElement("value");
TValue value = (TValue)valueSerializer.Deserialize(reader);
reader.ReadEndElement();
this.Add(key, value);
reader.ReadEndElement();
reader.MoveToContent();
}
reader.ReadEndElement();
}
public void WriteXml(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer)
{
XmlSerializer keySerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TKey));
XmlSerializer valueSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TValue));
foreach (TKey key in this.Keys)
{
writer.WriteStartElement("item");
writer.WriteStartElement("key");
keySerializer.Serialize(writer, key);
writer.WriteEndElement();
writer.WriteStartElement("value");
TValue value = this[key];
valueSerializer.Serialize(writer, value);
writer.WriteEndElement();
writer.WriteEndElement();
}
}
#endregion
}
Des*_*tar 54
而不是使用XmlSerializer你可以使用System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractSerializer.这可以序列化字典和界面没有汗水.
以下是完整示例的链接,http://theburningmonk.com/2010/05/net-tips-xml-serialize-or-deserialize-dictionary-in-csharp/
小智 13
创建序列化代理.
例如,您有一个具有Dictionary类型的公共属性的类.
要支持此类型的Xml序列化,请创建一个通用键值类:
public class SerializeableKeyValue<T1,T2>
{
public T1 Key { get; set; }
public T2 Value { get; set; }
}
将XmlIgnore属性添加到原始属性:
[XmlIgnore]
public Dictionary<int, string> SearchCategories { get; set; }
公开数组类型的公共属性,它包含一个SerializableKeyValue实例数组,用于序列化和反序列化为SearchCategories属性:
public SerializeableKeyValue<int, string>[] SearchCategoriesSerializable
{
get
{
var list = new List<SerializeableKeyValue<int, string>>();
if (SearchCategories != null)
{
list.AddRange(SearchCategories.Keys.Select(key => new SerializeableKeyValue<int, string>() {Key = key, Value = SearchCategories[key]}));
}
return list.ToArray();
}
set
{
SearchCategories = new Dictionary<int, string>();
foreach (var item in value)
{
SearchCategories.Add( item.Key, item.Value );
}
}
}
小智 9
您应该探索Json.Net,非常容易使用,并允许直接在Dictionary中反序列化Json对象.
例:
string json = @"{""key1"":""value1"",""key2"":""value2""}";
Dictionary<string, string> values = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, string>>(json);
Console.WriteLine(values.Count);
// 2
Console.WriteLine(values["key1"]);
// value1
字典和Hashtables不可序列化XmlSerializer.因此,您无法直接使用它们.解决方法是使用该XmlIgnore属性从序列化程序隐藏这些属性,并通过可序列化键值对列表公开它们.
PS:构建一个XmlSerializer非常昂贵,所以如果有可能重新使用它,请始终缓存它.
我想要一个 SerializableDictionary 类，它使用 xml 属性作为键/值，所以我改编了 Paul Welter 的类。
这会产生 xml，如：
<Dictionary>
<Item Key="Grass" Value="Green" />
<Item Key="Snow" Value="White" />
<Item Key="Sky" Value="Blue" />
</Dictionary>"
代码：
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
namespace DataTypes {
[XmlRoot("Dictionary")]
public class SerializableDictionary<TKey, TValue>
: Dictionary<TKey, TValue>, IXmlSerializable {
#region IXmlSerializable Members
public System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema GetSchema() {
return null;
}
public void ReadXml(XmlReader reader) {
XDocument doc = null;
using (XmlReader subtreeReader = reader.ReadSubtree()) {
doc = XDocument.Load(subtreeReader);
}
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SerializableKeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>));
foreach (XElement item in doc.Descendants(XName.Get("Item"))) {
using(XmlReader itemReader = item.CreateReader()) {
var kvp = serializer.Deserialize(itemReader) as SerializableKeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>;
this.Add(kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
}
}
reader.ReadEndElement();
}
public void WriteXml(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer) {
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SerializableKeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>));
XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
ns.Add("", "");
foreach (TKey key in this.Keys) {
TValue value = this[key];
var kvp = new SerializableKeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(key, value);
serializer.Serialize(writer, kvp, ns);
}
}
#endregion
[XmlRoot("Item")]
public class SerializableKeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> {
[XmlAttribute("Key")]
public TKey Key;
[XmlAttribute("Value")]
public TValue Value;
/// <summary>
/// Default constructor
/// </summary>
public SerializableKeyValuePair() { }
public SerializableKeyValuePair (TKey key, TValue value) {
Key = key;
Value = value;
}
}
}
}
单元测试：
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
namespace DataTypes {
[TestClass]
public class SerializableDictionaryTests {
[TestMethod]
public void TestStringStringDict() {
var dict = new SerializableDictionary<string, string>();
dict.Add("Grass", "Green");
dict.Add("Snow", "White");
dict.Add("Sky", "Blue");
dict.Add("Tomato", "Red");
dict.Add("Coal", "Black");
dict.Add("Mud", "Brown");
var serializer = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(dict.GetType());
using (var stream = new MemoryStream()) {
// Load memory stream with this objects xml representation
XmlWriter xmlWriter = null;
try {
xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stream);
serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, dict);
} finally {
xmlWriter.Close();
}
// Rewind
stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(stream);
Assert.AreEqual("Dictionary", doc.Root.Name);
Assert.AreEqual(dict.Count, doc.Root.Descendants().Count());
// Rewind
stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
var outDict = serializer.Deserialize(stream) as SerializableDictionary<string, string>;
Assert.AreEqual(dict["Grass"], outDict["Grass"]);
Assert.AreEqual(dict["Snow"], outDict["Snow"]);
Assert.AreEqual(dict["Sky"], outDict["Sky"]);
}
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestIntIntDict() {
var dict = new SerializableDictionary<int, int>();
dict.Add(4, 7);
dict.Add(5, 9);
dict.Add(7, 8);
var serializer = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(dict.GetType());
using (var stream = new MemoryStream()) {
// Load memory stream with this objects xml representation
XmlWriter xmlWriter = null;
try {
xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stream);
serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, dict);
} finally {
xmlWriter.Close();
}
// Rewind
stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(stream);
Assert.AreEqual("Dictionary", doc.Root.Name);
Assert.AreEqual(3, doc.Root.Descendants().Count());
// Rewind
stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
var outDict = serializer.Deserialize(stream) as SerializableDictionary<int, int>;
Assert.AreEqual(dict[4], outDict[4]);
Assert.AreEqual(dict[5], outDict[5]);
Assert.AreEqual(dict[7], outDict[7]);
}
}
}
}
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