来自列值和正则表达式的 Pyspark 字符串模式

Question

嗨，我有 2 列的数据框：

+----------------------------------------+----------+
|                  Text                  | Key_word |
+----------------------------------------+----------+
| First random text tree cheese cat      | tree     |
| Second random text apple pie three     | text     |
| Third random text burger food brain    | brain    |
| Fourth random text nothing thing chips | random   |
+----------------------------------------+----------+

我想生成第 3 列，其中一个单词出现在文本中的 key_word 之前。

+----------------------------------------+----------+-------------------+--+
|                  Text                  | Key_word | word_bef_key_word |  |
+----------------------------------------+----------+-------------------+--+
| First random text tree cheese cat      | tree     | text              |  |
| Second random text apple pie three     | text     | random            |  |
| Third random text burger food brain    | brain    | food              |  |
| Fourth random text nothing thing chips | random   | Fourth            |  |
+----------------------------------------+----------+-------------------+--+

我试过这个，但它不起作用

df2=df1.withColumn('word_bef_key_word',regexp_extract(df1.Text,('\\w+)'df1.key_word,1))

这是创建数据框示例的代码

df = sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
    [
        ('First random text tree cheese cat' , 'tree'),
        ('Second random text apple pie three', 'text'),
        ('Third random text burger food brain' , 'brain'),
        ('Fourth random text nothing thing chips', 'random')
    ],
    ('Text', 'Key_word') 
)

Answer 1

更新

您也可以在没有 audf的情况下执行此操作，方法是使用pyspark.sql.functions.expr将列值作为参数传递给pyspark.sql.functions.regexp_extract：

from pyspark.sql.functions import expr

df = df.withColumn(
    'word_bef_key_word', 
    expr(r"regexp_extract(Text, concat('\\w+(?= ', Key_word, ')'), 0)")
)
df.show(truncate=False)
#+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------+
#|Text                                  |Key_word|word_bef_key_word|
#+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------+
#|First random text tree cheese cat     |tree    |text             |
#|Second random text apple pie three    |text    |random           |
#|Third random text burger food brain   |brain   |food             |
#|Fourth random text nothing thing chips|random  |Fourth           |
#+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------+

原答案

一种方法是使用 audf来执行正则表达式：

import re
from pyspark.sql.functions import udf

def get_previous_word(text, key_word):
    matches = re.findall(r'\w+(?= {kw})'.format(kw=key_word), text)
    return matches[0] if matches else None

get_previous_word_udf = udf(
    lambda text, key_word: get_previous_word(text, key_word),
    StringType()
)

df = df.withColumn('word_bef_key_word', get_previous_word_udf('Text', 'Key_word'))
df.show(truncate=False)
#+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------+
#|Text                                  |Key_word|word_bef_key_word|
#+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------+
#|First random text tree cheese cat     |tree    |text             |
#|Second random text apple pie three    |text    |random           |
#|Third random text burger food brain   |brain   |food             |
#|Fourth random text nothing thing chips|random  |Fourth           |
#+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------+

正则表达式模式'\w+(?= {kw})'.format(kw=key_word)意味着匹配一个单词后跟一个空格和key_word. 如果有多个匹配项，我们将返回第一个匹配项。如果没有匹配项，则函数返回None。