Python“ builtins.TypeError：必须为str，而不是字节”-Twisted LineReceiver.sendLine（）

Question

我正在关注Twisted教程（请参阅此处的底部）

我正在尝试连接到聊天服务器，但我不断收到以下错误

File "/Users/kevin/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/twisted/internet/tcp.py", line 1073, in doRead
    protocol.makeConnection(transport)
  File "/Users/kevin/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/twisted/internet/protocol.py", line 510, in makeConnection
    self.connectionMade()
  File "twisted_chat.py", line 12, in connectionMade
    self.sendLine("What's your name?") <------------- This line
  File "/Users/kevin/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/twisted/protocols/basic.py", line 635, in sendLine
    return self.transport.write(line + self.delimiter)
builtins.TypeError: must be str, not bytes

似乎触发此错误的代码是

from twisted.internet.protocol import Factory
from twisted.protocols.basic import LineReceiver
from twisted.internet import reactor

class Chat(LineReceiver):
    def __init__(self, users):
        self.users = users
        self.name = None
        self.state = "GETNAME"

    def connectionMade(self):
        self.sendLine("What's your name?") <------- This line

    def connectionLost(self, reason):
        if self.name in self.users:
            del self.users[self.name]

我有点困惑，因为"What's your name?"显然是字符串，而不是字节。我正在使用Twisted 17.9.0的Python 3.6

编辑：我尝试在python 3.4中运行相同的代码，我得到了 builtins.TypeError: Can't convert 'bytes' object to str implicitly

我一直在搜索，但似乎找不到解决问题的方法。有谁知道我该如何解决？

Answer 1

您的代码在Python / Anaconda v2中应该可以正常运行，但在v3中则不能运行，除非您省略了一些代码。对于Py v3 +，请使用以下任一方法：

self.sendLine( b"What's your name?" )

self.sendLine( "What's your name?".encode('utf8') )

如您在文档中所见，LineReceiver.sendLine参数必须是type bytes。