如何使用 docker 构建我自己的自定义 Ubuntu ISO

use*_*620 5 docker dockerfile docker-compose

作为背景,我有一个自定义的 Ubuntu LiveUSB,它会自动启动到“试用”,操作系统将预装应用程序,我已经将这些应用程序刻录到 ISO 本身中。

它工作得很好,但我一直遇到自动化过程的问题。

而不是每次都手动完成,(因为我的 bash 脚本在我第一次再次尝试时不断得到不同的结果)我正在考虑使用准备修改的 ISO 中解压文件生成一个 docker 镜像,然后在卷中运行带有脚本的容器 (docker run -v $(pwd)/bin:/data myimage /data/myscript.sh),它将修改内容,将其打包回 ISO 并将 ISO 保存在 /数据供我抓取和分发。

FROM ubuntu:16.04

MAINTAINER Myself

ENV ISO_FILE="ubuntu-16.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso" \
    OS_VERSION="16.04.3"

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl

RUN curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | bash -
RUN apt-get install -y squashfs-tools genisoimage gnupg2 \
                       nodejs rsync build-essential libc6-dev-i386 \
                       wget

# Make directories
RUN mkdir /data
RUN mkdir -p /root/workspace

# Download ubuntu iso
WORKDIR /root/workspace
RUN wget http://releases.ubuntu.com/$OS_VERSION/$ISO_FILE
RUN wget http://releases.ubuntu.com/$OS_VERSION/SHA256SUMS
RUN wget http://releases.ubuntu.com/$OS_VERSION/SHA256SUMS.gpg

# Check hash (default /bin/sh errors out)
RUN /bin/bash -c "sha256sum -c <(grep $ISO_FILE SHA256SUMS)"

# Check signatures
RUN gpg2 --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 0xFBB75451 0xEFE21092
RUN gpg2 --verify SHA256SUMS.gpg SHA256SUMS

# Create mount
RUN mkdir mnt

# Here is where the docker build fails
RUN mount -o loop $ISO_FILE mnt

# Extract official DVD
RUN mkdir extract-cd
RUN rsync --exclude=/casper/filesystem.squashfs -a mnt/ extract-cd
RUN unsquashfs mnt/casper/filesystem.squashfs
RUN mv squashfs-root edit
RUN umount mnt

# Insert buildscript and make it executable
COPY bin/buildscript.sh /root/workspace/edit/buildscript.sh
RUN chmod +x edit/buildscript.sh

# Prepare to chroot into unsquashed ubuntu image, and run buildscript.sh
RUN mount -o bind /run/ edit/run
RUN mount --bind /dev/ edit/dev
RUN chroot edit/ ./buildscript.sh

# unmount the mountpoints and delete the buildscript.
RUN umount edit/dev
RUN umount edit/run
RUN rm edit/buildscript.sh
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我在构建器中的 chroot 中运行的 buildscript.sh (或无法运行)是:

#!/bin/bash

mount -t proc none /proc
mount -t sysfs none /sys
mount -t devpts none /dev/pts
export HOME=/root
export LC_ALL=C
add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) universe multiverse"
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | bash -
apt install -y nodejs
apt upgrade -y
apt install -y chromium-browser git
apt install -y language-pack-ja language-pack-gnome-ja language-pack-ja-base language-pack-gnome-ja-base
localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 LANGUAGE="ja_JP:ja"
source /etc/default/locale
mkdir src
apt autoclean
rm -rf /tmp/* ~/.bash_history
umount /proc || umount -lf /proc
umount /sys
umount /dev/pts
exit
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由于这不起作用,我在网上发现 build-run-commit 方法可能有效...所以我将 dockerfile 的末尾更改为以下内容

# Create mount
RUN mkdir mnt
RUN mkdir extract-cd
COPY bin/buildscript.sh /root/workspace/buildscript.sh
COPY bin/build_run_step2.sh /root/workspace/build_run_step2.sh
RUN chmod +x buildscript.sh
RUN chmod +x build_run_step2.sh
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然后构建运行提交的“运行”步骤是 build_run_step2.sh,它具有以下内容(使用 --privileged 运行)

#!/bin/bash

cd /root/workspace

mount -o loop $ISO_FILE mnt

# Extract official DVD
rsync --exclude=/casper/filesystem.squashfs -a mnt/ extract-cd
unsquashfs mnt/casper/filesystem.squashfs
mv squashfs-root edit
umount mnt

mv ./buildscript.sh edit/buildscript.sh

# Prepare to chroot into unsquashed ubuntu image, and run buildscript.sh
mount -o bind /run/ edit/run
mount --bind /dev/ edit/dev
chroot edit/ ./buildscript.sh

# unmount the mountpoints and delete the buildscript.
umount edit/dev
umount edit/run
rm edit/buildscript.sh
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哪个有效......但后来我遇到了一个问题:

运行 apt-get update 出现错误:

W: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial/InRelease  Temporary failure resolving 'archive.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security/InRelease  Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates/InRelease  Temporary failure resolving 'archive.ubuntu.com'
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并在 chroot 时检查 ping 让我“找不到主机”。

所以一个主要问题和一个较小的问题(如果主要问题没有答案):

  1. 如何使用 docker 创建一个带有准备自定义的已打开 liveCD 的映像,然后在该映像上使用 docker run 来 chroot、修改、重新打包和提取新的 iso?(我知道通常执行此操作的命令,因此,我想知道是否/为什么所有这些东西在 docker 中都不起作用……也就是 docker 中 chrooting 的限制是什么?)
  2. 如何让容器内的 chroot 系统访问 dns 以便它可以通过 URLS 运行更新?(我尝试从容器的 chroot 中 ping 8.8.8.8 并且 ping 恢复正常。)

小智 0

如果您尚未更新源列表,则可能会发生这种情况。尝试:

sudo apt update
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