Mar*_*tti 3 symbols ffi lifetime rust
由于所建议的dynamic_reload
板条箱的例子,我收集Symbol
s,而不是每次都提取它们,但Symbol
需要一辈子.使用生命周期更改方法签名并破坏与方法的兼容性DynamicReload::update
.
用它std::mem::transmute
来改变Symbol
生命周期是一种有效的解决方法'static
吗?
extern crate dynamic_reload;
use dynamic_reload::{DynamicReload, Lib, Symbol, Search, PlatformName, UpdateState};
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::time::Duration;
use std::thread;
use std::mem::transmute;
struct Plugins {
plugins: Vec<(Arc<Lib>, Arc<Symbol<'static, extern "C" fn() -> i32>>)>,
}
impl Plugins {
fn add_plugin(&mut self, plugin: &Arc<Lib>) {
match unsafe { plugin.lib.get(b"shared_fun\0") } {
Ok(temp) => {
let f: Symbol<extern "C" fn() -> i32> = temp;
self.plugins.push((plugin.clone(), Arc::new(unsafe { transmute(f) })));
},
Err(e) => println!("Failed to load symbol: {:?}", e),
}
}
fn unload_plugins(&mut self, lib: &Arc<Lib>) {
for i in (0..self.plugins.len()).rev() {
if &self.plugins[i].0 == lib {
self.plugins.swap_remove(i);
}
}
}
fn reload_plugin(&mut self, lib: &Arc<Lib>) {
Self::add_plugin(self, lib);
}
// called when a lib needs to be reloaded.
fn reload_callback(&mut self, state: UpdateState, lib: Option<&Arc<Lib>>) {
match state {
UpdateState::Before => Self::unload_plugins(self, lib.unwrap()),
UpdateState::After => Self::reload_plugin(self, lib.unwrap()),
UpdateState::ReloadFailed(_) => println!("Failed to reload"),
}
}
}
fn main() {
let mut plugs = Plugins { plugins: Vec::new() };
// Setup the reload handler. A temporary directory will be created inside the target/debug
// where plugins will be loaded from. That is because on some OS:es loading a shared lib
// will lock the file so we can't overwrite it so this works around that issue.
let mut reload_handler = DynamicReload::new(Some(vec!["target/debug"]),
Some("target/debug"),
Search::Default);
// test_shared is generated in build.rs
match reload_handler.add_library("test_shared", PlatformName::Yes) {
Ok(lib) => plugs.add_plugin(&lib),
Err(e) => {
println!("Unable to load dynamic lib, err {:?}", e);
return;
}
}
//
// While this is running (printing a number) change return value in file src/test_shared.rs
// build the project with cargo build and notice that this code will now return the new value
//
loop {
reload_handler.update(Plugins::reload_callback, &mut plugs);
if plugs.plugins.len() > 0 {
let fun = &plugs.plugins[0].1;
println!("Value {}", fun());
}
// Wait for 0.5 sec
thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500));
}
}
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我仍然需要保持Arc<Lib>
在向量内,因为Symbol
没有实现PartialEq
.
如何存储引用而不必处理生命周期?
98%的案例的答案是:你没有.生命周期是使用Rust的最大原因之一.生命周期在编译时强制执行引用将始终引用有效的内容.如果你想"忽略"生命周期,那么Rust可能不是实现特定设计的最佳语言.您可能需要选择其他语言或设计.
用它
std::mem::transmute
来改变Symbol
生命周期是一种有效的解决方法'static
吗?
transmute
是大锤子,适合各种好的和坏的想法和实施.我鼓励永远不要直接使用它,而是将它包装在一个抽象层中,以某种方式帮助你强制执行适当的限制,使特定的transmute正确.
如果您选择使用transmute
,则承担编译器以前的全部责任.由您决定引用始终有效,否则您将调用未定义的行为,并允许您的程序执行任何数量的非常糟糕的事情.
对于您的特定情况,您可以使用Rental crate在一个隐藏Symbol
s 生命周期的结构中保留"库"和"库中的引用" .事实上,Rental使用libloading作为激励示例,libloading支持dynamic_reload.请参阅
为什么我不能在同一个结构中存储值和对该值的引用?了解更多细节和陷阱.
我不乐观这会起作用,因为DynamicReload::update
需要一个&mut self
.在该方法调用期间,它可能很容易使所有现有引用无效.
也可以看看: