你如何在TypeScript中模拟名义输入?

bni*_*and 2 casting type-conversion typescript

我的项目中有很多函数,它们以数字作为参数; 这个数字是数组索引的一半,另一半时间,它是一个光标位置(数组中两个条目之间的一个点).即使使用命名约定,这也会造成混淆.

我想强制执行以下功能正在采用预期的名义类型.

class Index extends Number {}
class CursorPosition extends Number {}

function getElement(i: Index) {}
function getRange(p1: CursorPosition, p2: CursorPosition) {}

const myIndex: Index = 6;
const myPosition: CursorPosition = 6;

getElement(1); // would like this to fail at compile time
getRange(2, 3); // would like this to fail at compile time
getElement(myPosition); // would like this to fail at compile time
getRange(myIndex, myIndex); // would like this to fail at compile time

getElement(myIndex); // would like this to pass at compile time
getRange(myPosition, myPosition); // would like this to pass at compile time
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我知道打字稿使用结构类型,这就是为什么这不会"开箱即用".

此外,我已经考虑了拳击我的变量和添加一个arbitray propery:

class myNum extends Number { 
  l: "1";
}
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或使用演员.

class myNum { 
  arb: "arbitrary property value";
}

const mn2: myNum = <any>8;

function getElement2(a: any[], i: myNum) {
  return a[<any>i];
}

getElement2([], mn2);
getElement2([], 6);
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有更好的想法吗?

Tit*_*mir 11

您可以使用品牌类型:

type Index =  Number & { __type: 'Index'}
type CursorPosition =  Number & { __type: 'CursorPosition'}


function getElement(i: Index) {}
function getRange(p1: CursorPosition, p2: CursorPosition) {}

function indexFromNumber(n: number) :Index {
    return n as any;
}

function cursorPositionFromNumber(n: number): CursorPosition {
    return n as any;
}

const myIndex: Index = indexFromNumber(6);
const myPosition: CursorPosition = cursorPositionFromNumber(6);

getElement(1); // error
getRange(2, 3);  // error
getElement(myPosition);  // error
getRange(myIndex, myIndex); // error

getElement(myIndex); // ok 
getRange(myPosition, myPosition); //ok 
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您需要定义一个辅助函数来创建该类型的实例或使用类型assertions(const myIndex = 1 as any as Index),但如果您传递一个简单的数字,调用站点将给出错误.

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