c# 检索事务中插入的 ID

Question

我想在事务中插入一堆插入内容，以便在出现任何错误时可以回滚。现在我的问题是，对于某些插入，我需要前一个插入的 ID。但是，这样做var id = (int)command.ExecuteScalar();会引发异常（“对象引用未设置为对象的实例”）。如果我运行command.ExecuteScalar()而不尝试分配结果，则代码工作得很好。是否可以在提交交易之前获取 ID？如果不是，我的替代方案是什么？

我的代码：

using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection("ConnectionHere")
{
            connection.Open();

            SqlCommand command = connection.CreateCommand();
            SqlTransaction transaction;

            // Start a local transaction.
            transaction = connection.BeginTransaction();
            command.Connection = connection;
            command.Transaction = transaction;

            try
            {                    
                string insertStudent = "INSERT INTO Students (FirstName, MiddleName, LastName)" +
                " VALUES (@firstName, @middleName, @lastName)";

                command.CommandText = insertStudent;
                command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@firstName", application.FirstName);
                command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@middleName", application.MiddleName);
                command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@lastName", application.LastName);

                var id = (int) command.ExecuteScalar();//EXCEPTION THROWN HERE

                // Attempt to commit the transaction.
                transaction.Commit();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Commit Exception Type: {0}", ex.GetType());
                Console.WriteLine("  Message: {0}", ex.Message);

                // Attempt to roll back the transaction.        
                transaction.Rollback();
            }
}

Answer 1

我假设 Students 表中的一列设置为标识列，并且您使用 SQL Server 2008+。

在这种情况下，您需要更改 SQL 语句以返回插入的标识值，如下所示：

  string insertStudent = "INSERT INTO Students (FirstName, MiddleName, LastName)" +
            " VALUES (@firstName, @middleName, @lastName);" +
            " SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY();";

有关 SCOPE_IDENTITY 的更多信息可以在这里找到： https: //learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/scope-identity-transact-sql